企業推行職工運動之研究

Abstract

不論企業的類型行與規模大小，職工運動近年成為最熱門的福利措施之一。此現象引發了研究者對於企業推行此一系列運動相關福利計畫的好奇，究竟企業一開始期望從中達成何種目的，以及後來企業從職工運動中獲得何種實質上的益處。因此，本研究以參與「企業聘用運動指導員計畫」並且獲頒「運動企業認證」之企業為調查範圍，旨在探討企業推行職工運動之動機、所採取之形式、遭遇之困難、帶來之效益或影響及持續推展之意願及展望。經由半結構式深度訪談所得之結果顯示：一、企業之主要推行動機為強化員工身心健康、配合員工興趣。二、企業在運動空間規劃方面主要包含運用內部空間及租用外部場地；制度規劃方面主要包含建立運動社團及開設運動課程；相關活動舉辦及參與方面則包含舉辦企業運動會、訂定健康日、組隊參與各項運動競賽等。三、企業主要面臨之推動阻礙為員工參與率不高及經費預算受限等問題。四、企業認為改善員工身心健康、增進交流與改善關係及促進工作績效等為推動職工運動之主要收穫。五、企業之職工運動相關計畫續辦意願十分明確，且各自在下一階段希望達成的目標上呈現多元化的樣態。期透過本研究對於企業推行職工運動各個面向的解析，能為政府在相關政策的制定，以及有意投入職工運動發展之企業，作為一項參考的依據。Regardless of the type and size of the enterprise, physical activities for workers has become one of the most popular welfare measures in recent years. This phenomenon has aroused the curiosity of the researcher about the implementation of this series of sports-related welfare plans by enterprises, as to what purpose the enterprise expects to achieve at the beginning, and what substantial benefits the enterprise later will obtain from the employee movement. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the motivation of enterprises to implement physical activity programs for the employees, the form of promotion and the difficulties encountered in the process, as well as the benefits derived and future perspectives for continuation. The researcher has involved those who participated in the governmental “Hiring Sport Instructors Plan” and were accredited as “Sport Friendly Companies” in the study. Employing semi-structured in-depth interviews, the study found: (a) The main reasons behind corporate’s promoting physical exercises at work were employees’ physical and mental health and favors providing; (b) Places for the activities included spaces inside the companies and rented ones outside of the working sites; promoting approaches consisted of sport clubs organizing and physical exercise curriculum instruction; the more frequently forms applied were holding a sports day, arranging a health promotion day, and taking part in a variety of sport competitions; (c) The major obstacles of the task were low participation from employees and lacking sufficient funding; (d) Benefits derived from the implementation included enhanced workers’ health, better interaction and relations in the work place, and improved job performances; and (e) Most of the interviewees responded a high continuing intention and were hopeful in producing a more diversified approaches for the future objectives. The results of this study are expected to be valuable for creating related public policies and to those who are likely to start their own physical exercise programs.