高中生家庭系統分化與生涯調適力之關係研究─以生涯信念為中介變項

Abstract

本研究旨在探討高中生家庭系統分化、生涯信念與生涯調適力之間的關係，並檢驗生涯信念在家庭系統分化與生涯調適力之間的中介效果。研究以臺灣高中生為研究對象，合計598名。採用「家庭系統分化量表」、「生涯信念檢核表」與「生涯調適力量表」為研究工具，透過問卷調查法進行資料蒐集，再根據所得資料進行描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關以及中介分析進行處理與分析。研究結果如下：一、不同性別之高中生在家庭系統分化總分與部分向度、生涯信念之部分向度有顯著差異；不同年級之高中生在生涯調適力總分與部分向度有顯著差異；不同家中排行之高中生在家庭系統分化、生涯信念與生涯調適力皆無顯著差異；不同父母婚姻狀況之高中生在家庭系統分化總分與部分向度有顯著差異；不同家庭社經地位之高中生在家庭系統分化之部分向度、生涯信念之部分向度有顯著差異。二、家庭系統分化總分與生涯信念總分無顯著相關，然家庭系統分化之部分向度與生涯信念之部分向度有顯著相關；家庭系統分化與生涯調適力有顯著相關；生涯信念與生涯調適力有顯著相關。三、生涯信念總分在家庭系統分化與生涯調適力之間無顯著中介效果，生涯信念之逃避順從、工作抱負在家庭系統分化與生涯調適力之間具部分中介效果。最後針對研究結果提出建議以做為未來學術研究及輔導實務之參考。

This study aims to explore the relationship between family system differentiation, career belief, and career adaptability in high school students, and to examine the mediating effect of career belief between family system differentiation and career adaptability. The study was conducted with 598 high school students in Taiwan. Research instruments include Differentiation in the Family System Scale (DIFS), Career Belief Checklist (CBC), and Career Adaptability Scale (CAAS-Taiwan Form). The data was collected through questionnaire surveys and then analyzed by descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and mediation analysis.The results of the study are as follows: First, there were significant differences in average and partial dimensions of family system differentiation and partial dimensions of career belief with different genders. There were also significant differences in average and partial dimensions of career adaptability with different grades. However, no significant differences were found in family system differentiation, career belief, and career adaptability with different birth orders. Additionally, there were significant differences in average and partial dimensions of family system differentiation with different parental marital statuses. Significant differences were also found in partial dimensions of family system differentiation and career belief based on family social economic status. Second, there was no significant correlation between the average of family system differentiation and the average of career belief; however, there were significant correlations between some dimensions of family system differentiation and career belief. Family system differentiation was significantly correlated with career adaptability, and career belief was significantly correlated with career adaptability. Third, the average of career belief did not have a significant mediating effect between family system differentiation and career adaptability. However, the dimensions of career belief, such as avoidance compliance and work aspirations, showed partial mediating effects between family system differentiation and career adaptability. Finally, suggestions are provided based on the research findings to serve as references for future academic researchers and practitioners in this area.