完美主義、賦權與削權動機氣候對運動自信心之預測

Abstract

本研究的主要目的為 (一) 探討完美主義、賦權與削權動機氣候與運動自信心之關係；(二) 探討完美主義、賦權與削權動機氣候對運動自信心之預測情形。本研究參與者共633名大專運動員，男性333人，女性300人，平均年齡20.83歲，運動項目有羽球、籃球、合球、田徑、扯鈴、游泳、體操、拔河、網球、排球、木球、飛盤、鐵人三項、龍舟、棒球、橄欖球，平均一週訓練時間15.03小時；平均參與運動項目時間9年。參與者填寫運動員完美主義量表、賦權及削權動機氣候量表及運動自信心量表。所得資料以皮爾森績差相關及階層迴歸檢驗完美主義、賦權與削權動機氣候和運動自信心的相關性與預測情形。在完美主義、賦權與削權動機氣候與運動自信心的相關結果方面： (一) 個人標準與運動自信心呈正相關，關注失誤、教練施壓及父母施壓呈負相關；工作涉入、自主支持與社會支持與運動自信心呈正相關，自我涉入與控制與運動自信心呈負相關。在完美主義、賦權與削權動機氣候對運動自信心的預測情形方面： (二) 個人標準正向預測運動自信心，關注失誤負向預測運動自信心；工作涉入與社會支持正向預測運動自信心。(三) 完美主義對運動自信心的解釋變異量高於賦權與削權動機氣候。本研究針對結果提出討論，亦對於實際應用與未來研究方向進一步提出建議。Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive of perfectionism, empowering and disempowering motivational climate on sport confidence in collegiate athletes. Method: The participants were 633 college student-athletes, 333 males and 300 females from 16 sport teams with different sports. After received the informed consent, the participants were asked to complete questionnaire assessing athlete perfectionism, empowering and disempowering motivational climate and sport confidence for athletes, the data was analyzed by using Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression. Results: The results of Pearson regression analysis indicated that personal standard, task-involing, autonomy support and social support was positively related to confidence; concern mistakes, ego-involing and control was negatively related to confidence. The results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that personal standard, task-involve and socially support positively predicted sport confidence; concern mistakes negatively predicted sport confidence. Perfectionism had a greater prediction power on sport then empowering and disempowering motivational climate. According to the results and discussion, the practical application and future research suggestions were provided.