以核心肌群運動進行中場再熱身對後續爆發力與敏捷性運動表現之影響

Abstract

目的：探討籃球選手以核心肌群運動進行中場再熱身 (re-warm-up, RW)，對後續爆發力及敏捷性表現之影響。方法：以12名男性大專籃球選手為受試對象。所有受試者進行修正式羅浮堡間歇折返跑測驗 (modified Loughborough intermittent shuttle test, LIST) 後，以重複量數平衡次序方式，接受3種不同實驗處理，包括於穩定平面 (STA)、BOSU球上 (BOSU) 進行RW，以及控制處理 (CON)。於LIST前與實驗處理後，分別進行敏捷T測驗 (agility T-test)、蹲踞跳 (squat jump)、下蹲跳 (counter-movement jump, CMJ)，以及大腿中段等長上拉測驗 (isometric mid-thigh pull, IMTP)，以檢測爆發力與敏捷性運動表現。實驗過程中全程監測心跳率，並於每次運動測驗前檢測核心溫度、血乳酸濃度與詢問運動自覺程度。結果：於實驗處理後，STA之敏捷T測驗時間變化量，顯著低於CON (STA vs. CON, 99.9 ± 4.8 vs. 103.5 ± 3.7 %, p< .05)；STA之CMJ跳躍高度變化量，顯著高於CON (STA vs. CON, 99.8 ± 3.1 vs. 96.0 ± 3.8%, p < .05)；在大腿中段等長上拉方面，STA之最大發力率 (rate of force development, RFD) (STA vs. CON, 119.8 ± 39.4 vs. 83.8 ± 16.4%, p < .05)、0-90毫秒 (STA vs. CON, 150.7 ± 111.9 vs. 62.0 ± 36.7%, p < .05)、0-150毫秒 (STA vs. CON, 127.0 ± 44.0 vs. 73.0 ± 27.8%, p < .05)、0-200毫秒 (STA vs. CON, 120.6 ± 28.7 vs. 83.5 ± 19.9%, p < .05) 與0-250毫秒分段RFD (STA vs. CON, 112.5 ± 19.8 vs. 86.8 ± 13.1%, p < .05) 變化量，以及BOSU之0-150毫秒 (BOSU vs. CON, 103.2 ± 27.9 vs. 73.0± 27.8%, p < .05) 與0-250毫秒分段RFD (BOSU vs. CON, 101.4 ± 10.8 vs. 86.8 ± 13.1%, p < .05) 變化量，皆顯著高於CON。不過，在敏捷T測驗、SJ測驗、CMJ測驗，以及IMTP測驗之表現，STA與BOSU間未達顯著差異。在實驗處理時之平均心跳率方面，BOSU顯著高於STA (BOSU vs. STA, 119 ± 13 vs. 112 ± 12 bpm, p < .05)。結論：於球類運動中場進行核心肌群RW運動，可能能夠防止下半場爆發力與敏捷性運動表現下降。

Purpose: To investigate the effects of half-time re-warm-up (RW) with core strength exercises on subsequent explosive and agility performance in basketball players. Methods: Twelve collegiate male basketball players were recruited in this repeated-measured and counter-balanced study. Participants were asked to perform three treatments, RW with core strength exercises on stable plane (STA), on BOSU ball (BOSU), and control (CON), in randomized, counter-balanced order after a modified Loughborough intermittent shuttle test (LIST). Before the LIST and after treatments, participants performed the agility T-test, squat jump (SJ), counter-movement jump (CMJ), and isometric mid-thigh pull test (IMTP) for determining the power and agility performance. The heart rates were continuously measured during each trial. Core temperature and blood lactate concentration and rating of perceived exertion were collected before power and agility performance test. Results: The changes in agility T-test time in STA was significantly lower than that in CON (STA vs. CON, 99.9 ± 4.8 vs. 103.5 ± 3.7 %, p< .05). Changes in CMJ jump height in STA was significantly higher than that in CON (STA vs. CON, 99.8 ± 3.1 vs. 96.0 ± 3.8%, p < .05). During the IMTP test, the changes in maximum rate of force development (RFD) (STA vs. CON, 119.8 ± 39.4 vs. 83.8 ± 16.4%, p < .05), RFD between 0-90 ms (STA vs. CON, 150.7 ± 111.9 vs. 62.0 ± 36.7%, p < .05), 0-150 ms (STA vs. CON, 127.0 ± 44.0 vs. 73.0 ± 27.8%, p < .05), 0-200 ms (STA vs. CON, 120.6 ± 28.7 vs. 83.5 ± 19.9%, p < .05), and 0-250 ms (STA vs. CON, 112.5 ± 19.8 vs. 86.8 ± 13.1%, p< .05) in STA were significantly higher than those in CON. In addition, RFD between 0-150 ms (BOSU vs. CON, 103.2 ± 27.9 vs. 73.0 ± 27.8%, p < .05) and 0-250 ms (BOSU vs. STA, 133 ± 13 vs. 128 ± 13 bpm, p < .05) in BOSU were also significantly higher than those in CON. However, no significant differences were found on the agility T-test, SJ, CMJ, and IMTP performance between STA and BOSU. The mean heart rate during BOSU was significantly higher than that during STA (BOSU vs. STA, 119 ± 13 vs. 112 ± 12 bpm, p < .05). Conclusion: The RW with core strength exercises which conducted during half-time might prevent the declines in power and agility performance at the second half in team-sport events.