從行動者網絡理論觀點探討獨立策展之研究-以中央研究院公共藝術為例

Abstract

隨著公共藝術的發展趨勢從靜態展示轉向強調社會參與與互動，策展人在公共藝術中的角色日益多元化，特別是獨立策展人（Independent Curator）在藝術創作、行政協調與公共政策之間扮演關鍵橋樑。然而，同時也需面臨多方利益的協商與整合，特別是在公共藝術政策規範與創作自由之間尋求平衡。本研究運用行動者網絡理論（Actor-Network Theory, ANT），探討獨立策展人在公共藝術策展實踐中的角色與機制，特別關注強制通行點（Obligatory Passage Points, OPP）與利益賦予（Interessement）等概念，以理解策展人如何在多元行動者間促進協作與資源整合。本研究旨在中央研究院北部與南部院區的兩項公共藝術案例（個案A與個案B）為對象，透過質性研究方法（半結構訪談、文件分析），系統性解析策展過程中的網絡形成、利益協商與行動動員機制。研究發現，策展人透過強制通行點機制，將異質行動者（如藝術家、行政機構、社區參與者、技術專家等）納入公共藝術網絡，並運用利益賦予策略，在創作自由與政策規範之間進行協調，以維持策展網絡的穩定。然而，研究亦發現，隨著公共藝術政策的調整、數位技術的應用與機構內部管理機制的影響，獨立策展人面臨行政協商、資源分配與行動者動員等多重挑戰。再者，研究預期貢獻如下：理論層面以深化行動者網絡理論於公共藝術策展實踐中的應用，特別針對強制通行點與利益賦予機制的作用進行探討。實務層面提出獨立策展人應對公共藝術策展挑戰的策略，並針對資源整合與政策協商提供優化方案。政策層面則透過案例分析，檢視當前公共藝術政策對獨立策展與青年藝術家參與的影響，並提出建議，以促進公共藝術生態的永續發展。As contemporary public art evolves from static displays to socially engaged and interactive practices, the role of independent curators has become increasingly complex. Independent curators must navigate the complex interplay of artistic creation, administrative coordination, and public policy, balancing creative autonomy with institutional constraints. This study applies Actor-Network Theory （ANT） to examine the role and mechanisms of independent curators in public art curation, particularly examining key ANT concepts such as Obligatory Passage Points （OPP） and Interessement to understand how curators foster collaboration among diverse actors and integrate resources.This study investigates two public art cases at Academia Sinica’s Northern and Southern campuses （Case A and Case B） using a qualitative research approach, incorporating semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Findings indicate that independent curators utilize OPP mechanisms to bring together heterogeneous actors—including artists, governmental institutions, community participants, and technical experts—into a dynamic public art network. Furthermore, curators implement Interessement strategies to negotiate between artistic freedom and policy constraints, thereby ensuring curatorial stability. However, as public art policies evolve, the increasing integration of digital technology and shifts in institutional governance further intensify the challenges independent curators face in administrative negotiations, resource allocation, and participant mobilization.By advancing the application of ANT in public art curation, this research deepens the understanding of OPP and Interessement mechanisms and their roles in shaping curatorial networks. At a practical level, it offers strategic insights for independent curators to navigate challenges in stakeholder engagement and policy negotiation. From a policy perspective, the study examines the impact of contemporary public art policies on independent curatorship and the participation of emerging artists, proposing strategies to foster a more sustainable public art ecosystem.