社會企業創業競賽計畫書之研究-以邏輯模式的觀點

Abstract

台灣的政府單位與學術單位為了培育更多的社會企業人才，其中以舉辦社會創業競賽為最常見的熱門管道，近年來私人機構與一般企業也分別以各種不同的方式創造出更多渠道以引進優秀團體爭相進入社會創業之領域。從過去文獻得知社會創業等相關研究，大多數是以政策、環境、創業家人格特質等面向來探討動機，而社會企業創業競賽是目前社會企業人才能快速被看見的方式之一，而社會企業計畫書的內容卻極少被拿出來探討，造成學術上的缺口。據此，目前我國內社會企業創業競賽眾多，各主辦單位、參賽目的、參賽目標團體、參賽模式截然不同，但所有社會企業創業競賽都將計畫書列為參賽之必要條件，但社會企業計畫書與一般商業計畫書有何不同?前述問題意識是以引發本研究的主要動機，檢視社會企業競賽計畫書所涵蓋要素的相關研究，探討當前社會企業競賽計畫書的內涵及條件，以及此社會企業競賽計畫書所產生的社會效益的實質影響。本研究採取質性研究的方式，透過與文獻整合，以邏輯模式之資源投入面、產出面、效益面三個構面設計訪談大綱，並以社會企業競賽之中介平台、投資者與參賽團隊作為訪談對象，透過深度訪談進行資料蒐集。資源投入面包含創新及投資兩個次構面，商業產出面包含執行面及產出面兩個次構面，效益面則從短期、中期、長期三個目標進行分析。研究結果顯示，前述三個構面對於社會企業創業計畫書建議具有重要影響。基此，本研究首先提出以邏輯模式建構社會企業計畫書之要素，並針對中介平台、投資者及參賽團隊提出計畫書應關注之要素；其次，中介平台在投資人與被投資人（社會企業）之間扮演重要的連結角色，爰本研究提出委託專業第三方進行資源連結與能力建設的建議，透過中介平台可以協助創業者與參賽團隊累積經驗、協助投資者理解社會企業的價值，及倡議政策支持系統三個策略，讓社會企業創業更具可行性。In order to cultivate more social enterprise talents, the government units and academic units in Taiwan take social entrepreneurship competitions as the most common popular channel. In recent years, private institutions and general enterprises have also created more channels in various ways to introduce them. Outstanding groups are vying to enter the field of social entrepreneurship. From the past literature, we know that social entrepreneurship and other related researches are mostly based on policy, environment, entrepreneurial personality and other aspects to explore motivation, and social enterprise entrepreneurship competition is one of the ways that social enterprise talents can be quickly seen. Business plans are less discussed, resulting in academic gaps.Accordingly, there are many social entrepreneurship competitions in our country, with different organizers, purposes, target groups, and modes of participation, but all social entrepreneurship competitions include an plan as a necessary condition for participation. The aforementioned question is the main motivation for this study, which is to examine the elements covered by social enterprise competition plans, to explore the contents and conditions of current social enterprise competition plans, and the actual impact of social benefits generated by these social enterprise competition plans.This study adopts a qualitative research method, explores the literature, and designs the interview outline using the three components of the logic model: inputs ,outputs, and outcomes.The resource inputs includes two sub-structures of innovation and investment,The business output side includes two sub-dimensions, the execution side and the output side and the outcomes is analyzed in terms of short, medium and long term goals. The results of the study show that the three components have an important impact on the proposal of social enterprise business plan. Secondly, intermediary platforms play an important role in linking investors and investees (social enterprises), and this study proposes to commission a professional third party to link resources and build capacity. Through intermediary platforms, we propose three strategies to help entrepreneurs and participating teams accumulate experience, help investors understand the value of social enterprises, and advocate a policy support system to make social enterprises more feasible.