台北市高中職學生網路成癮行為與其相關因素研究─計劃行為理論之應用

Abstract

本研究旨在運用由Fishbein和Ajzen所提出之計畫行為理論(Theory of Planned Behavior)來探討臺北市高中職學生網路成癮行為的問題，透過高中生對於網路成癮行為的態度、主觀規範及自覺行為控制來評估影響高中網路成癮行為的相關因素。以臺北市九十八學年度高中職學生為母群體，以分層集束抽樣抽出3所高中、1所高職各三個班級，共十二班為研究對象。研究工具先以開放式引導問卷篩選出顯著信念，再編製成結構式問卷。有效問卷共392份。主要研究結果如下： 一、研究結果指出有九成研究對象家裡有電腦設備，具有上網的功能；每週上網平均5.26天，每次上網平均4.15小時。在網路成癮態度分布方面，研究對象在網路成癮能夠獲得新知這個信念，其平均值為最小，顯示研究對象在網路成癮的結果中，對於獲得新知的行為態度最負向。網路成癮主觀規範分布方面，以父母親主觀規範最低。網路成癮自覺行為控制方面，研究對象認為網路的互動性高，容易造成網路成癮行為。 二、在網路成癮態度方面，女生較男生正向；在網路成癮主觀規範方面，女生較男生高，學業表現前三分之一者較中間三分之一及後三分之一者高；在網路成癮自覺行為控制方面，高職生較高中生強；而網路成癮行為方面，男生較女生嚴重，高中生的較高職生嚴重，家中有電腦者、家中可上網者較家中無電腦者、不能上網者嚴重。 三、研究對象背景變項、網路成癮態度、主觀規範、自覺行為控制可有效預測網路成癮行為，並可解釋其總變異量之32.0%，其中「家中有無電腦」、「每週上網天數」、「每天每次上網時數」、「網路成癮主觀規範」、「網路成癮自覺行為控制」為主要預測變項，顯示研究對象家中有電腦者、每週上網天數越多者、每次上網時數越長者、網路成癮主觀規範越差者、網路成癮自覺行為控制越弱者，網路成癮行為越嚴重。 本研究依結論提出未來進行網路成癮教育介入之建議與改進方向，以供教師及家長輔導高中生網路使用的參考，降低研究對象的網路成癮行為傾向，減少網路世界所帶來生理和心理發展的傷害。This study aimed at using the Theory of Planned Behavior proposed by Fishbein and Ajzen to explore the Taipei’s high school students’ behavioral problems of Internet addiction, Internet addiction through senior high school students the attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control to assess the impact of high school factors related to Internet addiction. By using stratified cluster sampling method, the respondents were selected from all high schools in Taipei city in the school year of 2009. Research tools first to open a significant lead screening beliefs questionnaire, and then compiled into a structured questionnaire. A total of 392 valid questionnaires were. The main findings of the study are as follows. 1. The results pointed to 90% high school study at home with computer equipment, with internet function; study an average of 5.26 days per week online, an average of 4.15 hours per Internet. The distribution of attitude toward Internet addiction, the study of "Internet addiction have access to new knowledge" of this belief, show study results in Internet addiction, get new knowledge of behavior and attitude for the most negative. The distribution of subjective norm for Internet addiction to parents a minimum of subjective norm. The distribution of perceived behavioral control for Internet addiction, the subjects felt that the Internet's interactive high, easily lead to Internet addiction behavior. 2. Attitude toward Internet addiction of girls than boys positive; subjective norm for Internet addiction, the girls are higher than the boys, the first third of academic performance higher than those after the middle third and one-third of those with high; perceived behavioral control for Internet addiction, vocational high school students than strong; and the addiction behavior, serious boys than girls, high school students of higher vocational school students seriously, those who have computers at home, home Internet users can be serious than can no computer at home and no Internet users . 3. Background variables studied, attitude toward Internet addiction, subjective norm for Internet addiction, perceived behavioral control for Internet addiction can predict the behavior of Internet addiction, and may explain the 32.0% of variance, where "availability of home computer," "the number of days a week online "" Every time online hours a day, "" Internet addiction, subjective norms, "" Internet addiction conscious behavior control "as the main predictors, indicate that subjects were at home with computers, the more the number of days a week online are, the more the number of hours each session, the worse subjective norms of Internet addiction, Internet addiction, the more weak perceived behavioral control, Internet addiction more serious.