個人與家庭因素對都市高年級學童走路上學之影響研究
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2018
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走路上學可增進學童身體活動量，也有助於改善交通壅塞與空氣品質。本研究旨在透過實證研究，分析影響都市高年級學童走路上學的相關因素，期能提供政府部門及學校未來規劃推行「走路上學」更有效之策略。本研究採用黃淑貞教授105年科技部計畫資料，以雙北市五所國小之六年級學童為研究對象，共收集131份問卷，以SPSS 22.0統計軟體進行卡方檢定分析以及邏輯斯迴歸分析。研究結果顯示：(1) 個人因素方面：學童人格特質中具有嚴謹自律性人格特質越多的學童與其走路上學的比率呈現正相關，而和善性人格特質越多的學童與其走路上學的比率呈現負相關，性別及BMI在走路上學行為的表現皆沒有顯著的差異；(2)家庭因素方面：家人支持、學校到住家距離之於學童走路上學行為有顯著差異，家人支持與學童走路上學行為正相關、住家到學校距離越近與學童走路上學行為呈現正相關。而是否與父母同住、父母親的教育程度、父母親職業則未發現對於學童走路上學行為的顯著差異。研究者針對兒童走路上學提出實務和未來研究的建議，未來可增加研究變項，例如父母接送習慣等，亦可擴大研究地區範圍，比較區域間之影響因素是否有差異。
關鍵字：走路上學、人格特質、家人支持、距離、都市兒童
Abstract Walking to school increases children’s physical activity; also, for the environment, walking to school is a good way to solve traffic congestion problem and improve air quality. In Taiwan, it is estimated that the proportion of walking to school in elementary school children is less than 50%. The purpose of this study is to analyze relevant factors influencing senior elementary school students to walk to school through empirical research, and hopefully, it can provide more effective strategies for the future planning of the government departments and schools to implement "walking to school" program. This study used data of the research project of professor Sheu-jen Huang funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2016. Students of sixth grade in five elementary schools located at Taipei and New Taipei City were recruited and finally 131 questionnaires were collected. This study used SPSS 22.0 software to perform Chi-square test and logistic regression test. The results were as the following: (1) Individual factors: The more the children expressed conscientiousness personality traits, the higher possibilities the children walked to school; also, the agreeableness personality traits showed the negative correlation with the possibilities of walking to school. And there was no significant difference for gender and BMI. (2) Family factors: Family support and the distance from home to the school were positively and negatively correlated with walking to school, respectively. There were no significant difference for factors including the situation whether children live with parents or not,parents’ education and parents’ occupation. Recommendations for further research were suggested. Future research could add more variables such as parents’ picking up habits. Also the research regions could be expanded to compare if there is a difference between regions of different backgrounds. Keywords：walking to school, personality traits, family support, distance, urban children
Abstract Walking to school increases children’s physical activity; also, for the environment, walking to school is a good way to solve traffic congestion problem and improve air quality. In Taiwan, it is estimated that the proportion of walking to school in elementary school children is less than 50%. The purpose of this study is to analyze relevant factors influencing senior elementary school students to walk to school through empirical research, and hopefully, it can provide more effective strategies for the future planning of the government departments and schools to implement "walking to school" program. This study used data of the research project of professor Sheu-jen Huang funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2016. Students of sixth grade in five elementary schools located at Taipei and New Taipei City were recruited and finally 131 questionnaires were collected. This study used SPSS 22.0 software to perform Chi-square test and logistic regression test. The results were as the following: (1) Individual factors: The more the children expressed conscientiousness personality traits, the higher possibilities the children walked to school; also, the agreeableness personality traits showed the negative correlation with the possibilities of walking to school. And there was no significant difference for gender and BMI. (2) Family factors: Family support and the distance from home to the school were positively and negatively correlated with walking to school, respectively. There were no significant difference for factors including the situation whether children live with parents or not,parents’ education and parents’ occupation. Recommendations for further research were suggested. Future research could add more variables such as parents’ picking up habits. Also the research regions could be expanded to compare if there is a difference between regions of different backgrounds. Keywords：walking to school, personality traits, family support, distance, urban children
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走路上學, 人格特質, 家人支持, 距離, 都市兒童, walking to school, personality traits, family support, distance, urban children