大學生拒絕敏感度與心理健康之關係：以壓力為中介變項

Abstract

近年來臺灣大學生的心理健康問題的比例漸增，能協助的資源卻未能及時跟進，此情形極需更多關注與重視。過去研究較關注大學生的負面心理健康問題，故本研究試圖從大學生的正向、積極心理健康層面做探討。另外，大學生正處於所謂「小型社會」及成人初顯期，面臨許多人際與自我認同議題，而拒絕敏感度與人際和自我則有著重要的關聯，因此本研究試圖從拒絕敏感度的角度探討大學生的正向心理健康層面。本研究旨在探討大學生族群拒絕敏感度、壓力和心理健康間的關係，並檢驗壓力在拒絕敏感度和心理健康中的中介效果。本研究以臺灣大學生為研究對象，共487人。研究工具採用「大學生拒絕敏感度量表」、「大學生壓力量表」與「正向心理健康量表」，透過網路問卷施測，再進行描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及多元迴歸分析。研究結果呈現如下：第一，不同性別的大學生在整體拒絕敏感度、整體壓力與整體心理健康上並無顯著差異，但不同年級大學生在整體拒絕敏感度與整體心理健康有顯著差異，而在整體壓力則無顯著差異。第二，大學生族群的拒絕敏感度、壓力與心理健康皆呈現顯著相關。拒絕敏感度與心理健康呈現顯著負相關、拒絕敏感度與壓力呈現顯著正相關、壓力與心理健康呈現顯著負相關。第三，大學生的壓力在拒絕敏感度與心理健康中具有中介的效果。根據上述研究結果，本研究建議大學輔導相關人員多關注大學生拒絕敏感度此一特質，並在初級輔導部分，推廣拒絕敏感度與心理健康的相關介紹，促使大學生了解自身拒絕敏感度，以及是否因此而導致壓力或心理健康問題，使大學生覺察並促進心理健康。In recent years, mental health problems have increased among college students in Taiwan. However, those mental health resources have yet to catch up in time. Studies had been focused on the negative aspect of mental health issues, therefore, this study attempts to investigate in a more positive dimension. On the other hand, college students are undergoing a state of the Emerging Adulthood and a micro society, which comprises relationship and self-identification issues. Rejection sensitivity had been found to be related with self and interpersonal, therefore, this study attempts to explore the mental health issues of college students’ positive aspect from the perspective of rejection sensitivity.The main purpose of this study was to explore the mediating effect of stress between rejection sensitivity and mental health among college students. The study participants consisted of 487 Taiwan college students. The instruments of this study were the"College Student Rejection Sensitivity Scale", "College Student Stress Scale" and "Positive Mental Health Scale", which were completed by the participants through online questionnaires. Data was analyzed by the descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study are presented as follows: First,There is no significant difference in the rejection sensitivity, stress, and mental health among college students of different genders, but there are significant differences in rejection sensitivity and mental health among college students with different grades, but no significant difference in stress. Second, the rejection sensitivity, stress, and mental health of college students are significantly correlated. There was a significant negative relationship between rejection sensitivity and mental health, a significant positive relationship between rejection sensitivity and stress, and a significant negative relationship between stress and mental health. Third, the stress of college students has a mediating effect on rejection sensitivity and mental health.Based on the results above, this study suggests that college counselors should pay more attention to the rejection sensitivity trait of college students. Moreover, the counselors could promote the knowledge of rejection sensitivity and mental health in primary prevention stage. In doing so, the college students could get mental health by understanding the relationship of the rejection sensitivity trait and stress.