生態工作假期參與者環境識覺之研究-以荒野自然谷為例
Abstract
近年來隨著經濟與生活品質的提升，對於旅遊型態的選擇與目的也越加多元化，其中能滿足志願服務、個人成長與休閒並重的「工作假期」因此產生。以國內而言，較有組織的工作假期的種類偏向「生態工作假期」為主，許多環境保育組織透過生態工作假期招募民眾一起來實際參與環境保育的工作，接近自然，並藉由實際勞動過程中，為環境保育盡一份心力。
工作假期在國內屬於初步發展階段，且本個案－「荒野自然谷」為國內第一個環境信託地點，相當需要這些參與者來協助園區的運作與推廣，並凝聚這些參與者的向心力，因此這些參與者的環境識覺回饋是非常重要。本研究透過問卷調查、參與觀察與深度訪談的方式收集資料，了解自然谷環境形塑的過程、生態工作假期參與者的環境識覺，並探討不同屬性的參與者環境識覺差異。結果如下：
1.自然谷的環境面向為低海拔森林體系，擁有豐富的與多樣的動植物，配合著環境信託計畫，逐步的營造出屬於自然谷環境信託教育基地的特色，辦理相關的活動同時招募生態工作假期參與者一起來協助園區的整理與體驗；在運作管理上自然谷透過環境信託將土地交與荒野保護協會經營管理，然因初期委託人與受託人執行角色的混淆，後期改由荒野新竹分會執行整體活動的辦理。
2.參與者大多因為喜歡自然而來參加工作假期的活動，對自然谷最主要的看法是自然谷本身是環境信託重要的地點以及扮演環境教育重要的角色，對環境的態度認為環境保護相當的重要，並且認為可以透過環境信託來達成，最後落實於生活上面會採取友善的生活方式以及保護自然谷的生態等自我行動來實現。
3.不同屬性的生態工作假期參與者對於自然谷的環境識覺是有顯著差異的， 主要表現於兩方面：「參與自然谷生態工作假期次數」、「環境信託認知」。參與次數較高者，環境信託認知方面層次越深，對環境的認知、態度和行為分數相對都會越高，也就是對環境的表現越加友善，越能認同自然谷的生態工作假期。
Working holiday is a new leisure activity that combines work with leisure. In Taiwan, many conservation organizations have tried to increase human resource through working holiday and initiate various kinds of eco-working holiday programs. Since eco-working holiday in Taiwan is still in the preliminary stage of development, it is important to recognize the awareness, attitudes and behaviors among working holiday participants. Hence, the main purposes of this research are to understand the environmental perceptions of working holiday participants. "Nature Valley" in Hsinchu Country, the first environmental trust place in Taiwan, was selected as the case study in this research. Various kinds of research approaches such as questionnaires, participant observation and depth interviews were used to collect primary data in order to understand the establishing process of "Nature Valley", and eco- working holiday participants’ perceptions. Finally, the following results were found: 1. Natural Valley is in a low elevation forest system with rich and diverse flora and fauna, and then is regarded as environmental education center. This non-profit center needs a lot of volunteers in its operation, and the volunteers from eco-working holiday program initiated by the Society of Wilderness have played important roles in Natural Valley. 2. Most participants take part in such activities because they like nature, and the primary perception is that this place is the important place of environmental trust and it plays an important role in environmental education. 3. Different eco-working holiday participants of Nature Valley have various environmental awareness, attitudes and behavior intentions.
Working holiday is a new leisure activity that combines work with leisure. In Taiwan, many conservation organizations have tried to increase human resource through working holiday and initiate various kinds of eco-working holiday programs. Since eco-working holiday in Taiwan is still in the preliminary stage of development, it is important to recognize the awareness, attitudes and behaviors among working holiday participants. Hence, the main purposes of this research are to understand the environmental perceptions of working holiday participants. "Nature Valley" in Hsinchu Country, the first environmental trust place in Taiwan, was selected as the case study in this research. Various kinds of research approaches such as questionnaires, participant observation and depth interviews were used to collect primary data in order to understand the establishing process of "Nature Valley", and eco- working holiday participants’ perceptions. Finally, the following results were found: 1. Natural Valley is in a low elevation forest system with rich and diverse flora and fauna, and then is regarded as environmental education center. This non-profit center needs a lot of volunteers in its operation, and the volunteers from eco-working holiday program initiated by the Society of Wilderness have played important roles in Natural Valley. 2. Most participants take part in such activities because they like nature, and the primary perception is that this place is the important place of environmental trust and it plays an important role in environmental education. 3. Different eco-working holiday participants of Nature Valley have various environmental awareness, attitudes and behavior intentions.
Description
Keywords
生態工作假期, 環境識覺, 荒野自然谷, 環境信託, eco-working holiday, environmental perception, Nature Valley, environmental trust.