教育行政溝通原理及其應用
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Date
1984-06-??
Authors
黃昆輝
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Publisher
國立台灣師範大學教育學系
Department od Education, NTNU
Department od Education, NTNU
Abstract
溝通（communication）為教育行政（含學校行政）組織的運作所必需。任何社會組織，至少構成於三種要素，那就是組織的目標，組織的成員及組織的溝通。更明白的說，只有居於各種不同職位的成員，為達成共同的組織目標，且彼此之間具有溝通的意願，一個社會組織才能存在，前曾略及。組織的目標猶如人體的靈魂，組織的人員像是人體的骨幹，而組織的溝通好比人體的血液。血液不通，人體就會癱瘓；同樣，教育行政組織倘若缺乏溝通，整個組織的運作即陷於停頓狀態。所以賽蒙（Herbert A. Simon）曾明白的指出：沒有溝通，即無組織。一語道破溝通在教育行政上的重要功能。溝通既然如此重要，那麼，溝通的性質就須先加以瞭解，本節先將對溝通的意義與目的，然後析述溝通的要素及型式。
This article presents an analysis of Theory of Communication and its application to educational administration.Four parts in this article are discussed. The nature and patterns of communication are firstly described. Secondly the socio─psychological foundations of communication are explored. In the third part, the principles and strategies of communications are presented. And then the practice of communication in organizations of educational administration are finally introduced and evaluated.The analysis leads to the following conclusions：1. Communication is a process of exchanging informations, ideas and attitudes by symbolism. 2. The purposes of communication are to establish commonness, to promote mutual understanding, to harmonize human relationships and to strengthen coordination and cooperation with a view to achieving the goals of organization. 3. The effect of communication is constantly influenced by socio─psychological factors such as motivation perception attitude group relation etc. 4. The process of communication is possibly disturbed by the effects of source, message, transmitting, recording, and feedback. 5. The principles of communication in educational administration should be emphasized, such as intellectualism, emotionalism, rationalization, connotation, denotation, canalization, supplementation, fitting to experience─background recency and primacy, etc. 6. The major strategies for actions of communication in educational administration are as follows：（1）Be affirmative.（2）Take initiative.（3）Present constructive framework of educational value for discussions.（4）Recognize clearly the scope and depth of the problems involved.（5）Constantly provide educational information.（6）Sources of communication be reliable.（7）Involve the necessary participations of the public concerned.（8）Try to get the related leaders involved in the process of communication.（9）Use all available media.（10） Be friendly and honest.（11）Containing measures for improving the education
This article presents an analysis of Theory of Communication and its application to educational administration.Four parts in this article are discussed. The nature and patterns of communication are firstly described. Secondly the socio─psychological foundations of communication are explored. In the third part, the principles and strategies of communications are presented. And then the practice of communication in organizations of educational administration are finally introduced and evaluated.The analysis leads to the following conclusions：1. Communication is a process of exchanging informations, ideas and attitudes by symbolism. 2. The purposes of communication are to establish commonness, to promote mutual understanding, to harmonize human relationships and to strengthen coordination and cooperation with a view to achieving the goals of organization. 3. The effect of communication is constantly influenced by socio─psychological factors such as motivation perception attitude group relation etc. 4. The process of communication is possibly disturbed by the effects of source, message, transmitting, recording, and feedback. 5. The principles of communication in educational administration should be emphasized, such as intellectualism, emotionalism, rationalization, connotation, denotation, canalization, supplementation, fitting to experience─background recency and primacy, etc. 6. The major strategies for actions of communication in educational administration are as follows：（1）Be affirmative.（2）Take initiative.（3）Present constructive framework of educational value for discussions.（4）Recognize clearly the scope and depth of the problems involved.（5）Constantly provide educational information.（6）Sources of communication be reliable.（7）Involve the necessary participations of the public concerned.（8）Try to get the related leaders involved in the process of communication.（9）Use all available media.（10） Be friendly and honest.（11）Containing measures for improving the education