胡錦濤時期中國公共外交政策對國家形象影響之研究

Abstract

公共外交在中國其實一直都存在著，但是從胡錦濤時期，正式被列入中國外交的戰略工作之一，雖然最一開始被當作傳統外交之輔助，然而隨著中國在國際社會的地位與責任逐漸上升，中國需要一個穩定和平的發展環境，對中國來說，傳統的外交政策已經不足以應對國際社會對中國的看法。 現今在國際社會中，對一個大國來說，各國對國家的看法、印象，會影響到在國際社會上的發展及互動，因而國家形象對各國而言，越發受到重視。中國官方也知道，世界各國對於中國並不樂見於其在傳統國力（軍事）的提升，對中國來說，需要的是一個可以代表著和平、溫和的路線，最終中國選擇了公共外交，以影響國際社會觀感及國際輿論。 本文從分析公共外交的發展理論，以及國家形象塑造的定義和模式進行討論，以期找出兩者相互影響的模式。再從中國公共外交政策的發展背景開始探討，進一步分析中國提出和諧社會等結合公共外交理念制訂出的相關政策。最後以「國際輿論調查」自2005年到2014年以來，世界各國對中國國家影響力的調查結果評論公共外交政策對國家形象之影響，還有中國公共外交未來的發展。

Public diplomacy has been practiced in China’s history for a long time. But it became one of China's diplomatic strategies officially during Hu Jin-tao’s administration. Although it was used as traditional diplomatic assistance at the very beginning, China needs a more peaceful and stable environment for development as China's position and responsibility in the international community gradually gains its importance. For China, the traditional foreign policy has been insufficient to deal with the international community's perception. Today, in the international community, for a great power as China, national image will affect its development and interactions with other countries. And thus, the national image of China is getting more attention. Chinese officials also realized that the last thing is to see their traditional strength (military) rising. For China, the need is a route that can represent peace and moderate. At last, China chose public diplomacy in order to change the world’s impression toward China. This article discussed the development of the theory of public diplomacy, and definitions and modalities of national image. It then tried to explore the background of the development of China's public diplomatic policy, and further analyzed the relevant police of the harmonious society concept combined with public diplomacy put forward by China. Finally, according to the International Public Opinion Survey from 2005 to 2014, the impact of the world public will be analyzed to discover how China’s public diplomacy influenced China's national image, and the future of China’s public diplomacy policy.