高中生金融服務理財行為之徑路分析—計劃行為理論之應用

Abstract

本研究目的在探究影響高中生金融服務理財行為之徑路分析，主要採問卷調查法，以高中生為研究對象，使用「理財素養量表」、「理財態度量表」、「金融服務理財行為感知控制量表」、「金融服務理財行為主觀規範量表」、「金融服務理財行為意圖量表」、「金融服務理財行為量表」為研究工具。研究方法以變異數、迴歸、結構方程模型、多群組等統計分析方法。研究結果發現高中生的理財態度、金融服務理財行為受理財素養影響；金融服務理財行為意圖受理財態度、金融服務理財行為感知控制、金融服務理財行為主觀規範影響。高中生因掌握經濟資源有限與法規的限制，金融服務理財行為受理財素養與金融服務理財行為感知控制影響，愈具備消費信用與財務責任素養者，對金融服務的使用愈有自信，愈有使用數位支付理財行為。因理財素養對理財態度有正向影響，愈具備消費信用與財務責任素養者，愈具財務自主的理財態度，愈小心使用數位支付理財行為。最後，透過多群組分析比較不同性別高中生之徑路關係，發現不同性別高中生在理財素養對金融服務理財行為感知控制、理財素養對金融服務理財行為主觀規範與理財態度對金融服務理財行為意圖等三條路徑上有顯著差異存在。

The purpose of this research was to explore the pathways that influence the behavior of high school students towards financial services using the survey research methodology targeting high school students. A number of research tools were used, including the “Financial Literacy Scale”, “Financial Attitude Scale”, “Scale of Perceived Control for Financial Behaviors of Financial Services”, “Scale of Subjective Norms of Financial Behaviors of Financial Services”, “Scale of Intentions of Financial Behaviors of Financial Services”, and the “Scale of Financial Behavior of Financial Services”. The research methodology focused on statistical analysis methods, such as variances, regression, structural equation modeling, and multi-grouping.The research results show that the financial attitudes and financial behaviors of high school students are influenced by their financial literacy, while their financial intentions are influenced by their financial attitudes, perceived control of financial services, and subjective norms of financial behaviors of financial services. Due to the limited economic resources and restrictions of regulations, the financial management behavior of high school students is influenced by financial literacy and perceived control of the financial behaviors of financial services. High school students with more consumer credit and financial responsibility are more confident towards the use of financial services, making them more likely to use digital payment. As financial literacy has a positive impact on financial management behavior, the more consumer credit and financial responsibility a high school student has, the more financially autonomous he/she will be, and more cautious when using digital means of payment.Finally, by applying multi-group analysis, the relationship of the path between different genders of high school students was explored. The results show that there were significant variations between gender in the three pathways - financial literacy and perceived control of the behaviors of financial services; financial literacy and subjective norms of the behaviors of financial services; and financial management attitudes and financial behavioral intentions of financial services.