運動誘發延遲性肌肉痠痛後使用充氣加壓按摩對痠痛指數及下肢肌力表現之效益

Abstract

背景：快速消除運動後的疲勞為近來熱門之研究議題，其中間歇充氣加壓按摩 (intermittent pneumatic compression, IPC) 被視為一種積極促進運動後恢復的方法，惟其在運動誘發延遲性肌肉痠痛後的效益還有待確認。方法：本研究招募18名男性 (年齡：23 ± 2.8歲) 進行70% V̇O2max之30分鐘下坡跑運動以誘發延遲性肌肉痠痛，採隨機方式將受試者雙腳分為實驗腳 (IPC) 及控制腳 (CON)，IPC腳於運動後立即與運動後24、48小時各接受20分鐘IPC處理，CON腳採完全靜態休息。所有受試者於運動前、運動後24小時、運動後48小時及每次實驗處理後，記錄雙腳痠痛指數及關節活動度，隨後接受每秒60ﾟ與180ﾟ之下肢等速向心、離心肌力表現測驗。結果： (一) 痠痛指數：運動後立即處理後之痠痛指數IPC顯著低於CON (5.3 ± 1.2 vs. 6.2 ± 1.1分)；運動後24小時處理後IPC顯著低於CON (6.2 ± 1.6 vs. 7.0 ± 1.4分)；運動後48小時之安靜值及處理後IPC也皆顯著低於CON (7.2 ± 1.8 vs. 7.5 ± 1.8；6.9 ± 1.9 vs. 7.4 ± 1.7分) (p< .05)，其餘各時間點兩腳之痠痛指數皆無顯著差異。(二) 關節活動度：運動後24及48小時處理後IPC皆顯著高於CON (99.5 ± 15.6度 vs. 89.5 ± 18.8度；99 ± 15.1度 vs. 92.5 ± 17.7度)；運動後48小時之安靜值IPC也顯著高於CON (94 ± 18.8度 vs. 89.5 ± 18.8度) (p < .05)，其餘各時間點兩腳之關節活動度皆無顯著差異。(三) 肌力指標：所有肌力指標之交互作用皆未達顯著，且每秒60ﾟ及每秒180ﾟ下肢等速向心、離心肌力的處理主要效果也皆未達顯著。結論：運動後立即實施間歇充氣加壓按摩有助於舒緩肌肉痠痛及改善關節活動度，但未能減緩運動誘發延遲性肌肉痠痛所伴隨之肌力流失現象。Background: Research topics about fast recovery strategies following exercise have become popular recently. Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) is regarded as a method to actively boost recovery after exercise, but whether it will be effective after exercise-induced delay onset muscle soreness remains questionable. Methods: 18 males (age: 23 ± 2.8 years) were recruited to participate in a 30-minute downhill running of 70% V̇O2max to induce delayed onset muscle soreness, and the participants' two legs were randomly divided into experimental leg (IPC) and control leg (CON). The IPC leg received 20 minutes of IPC treatment immediately after exercise as well as at 24 and 48 hours after exercise. At the same time, the CON leg completely rested. Perceived soreness and range of motion of the two legs were recorded before exercise, 24 hours after exercise, 48 hours after exercise and after each experimental treatment, then 60ﾟ/s and 180ﾟ/s lower extremity isokinetic concentric and eccentric contraction were tested as muscle strength. Results: (1) perceived soreness: IPC were significantly lower than CON after the treatment immediately after exercise (5.3 ± 1.2 vs. 6.2 ± 1.1) and 24 hours after exercise (6.2 ± 1.6 vs. 7.0 ± 1.4 points). 48 hours after exercise, IPC were also significantly lower than CON before (7.2 ± 1.8 vs. 7.5 ± 1.8) and after treatment (6.9 ± 1.9 vs. 7.4 ± 1.7 points). (2) Range of motion: 24 and 48 hours after exercise, IPC were significantly higher than CON after treatment (99.5 ± 15.6°vs. 89.5 ± 18.8°; 99 ± 15.1° vs. 92.5 ± 17.7°). IPC was also significantly higher than CON before treatment 48 hours after exercise (94 ± 18.8° vs. 89.5 ± 18.8°). There were no significant differences in range of motion between two legs at rest given time points. (3) Muscle strength: The treatment × time interaction of all muscle strength indicators were not significant (p> .05). Treatment main effects on 60ﾟ/s and 180ﾟ/s isokinetic concentric and eccentric contraction were not significant either (p > .05). Conclusion: Applying intermittent pneumatic compression immediately after exercise could relieve muscle soreness and improve range of motion, but fails to alleviate the loss of muscle strength associated with exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness.