國立高職初任教師工作壓力與因應方式之研究-以中部四縣市為例

Abstract

本研究目的在了解中部四縣市國立高職初任教師工作壓力與因應方式之現況，並探討不同背景變項的初任教師其工作壓力與因應方式的差異情形，及探究不同工作壓力感受之初任教師使用因應方式的差異情形。為達上述目的，本研究採用問卷調查法，以中部四縣市國立高職初任教師為研究對象，共回收353份有效問卷，有效問卷比率為80.96%，所得資料以SPSS軟體進行分析，研究結論如下：

一、國立高職初任教師的整體工作壓力感受屬於中等程度，以「學校運作」、「工作負荷」層面感受較大。 二、國立高職初任教師面對工作壓力時，採取因應方式的程度屬於中高頻率，以「尋求支持」層面使用程度最多，其次為「情緒調適」、「理性思考」、「問題解決」。 三、不同性別、婚姻狀況、年資及職務的初任教師，其工作壓力皆達到顯著差異。 四、不同年資和職務的初任教師，其使用壓力因應方式的程度達到顯著差異。 五、不同工作壓力感受度的中部四縣市國立高職初任教師，在遇到工作壓力時，採取因應方式的程度，達到顯著差異，且「低壓力組」較常用「理性思考」、「尋求支持」、「情緒調適」之因應方式。

並依據以上結論，分別對有關教育單位、人員，提出相關建議。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the job stress and coping strategies of the national vocational schools’ beginning teachers in the four counties / cities in central part of Taiwan. It is also to evaluate whether job stress and coping strategies used were significantly different among the different demographical backgrounds. In order to achieve the aims, the survey research method was mainly conducted through this study. The questionnaire was administered to survey the national vocational schools’ beginning teachers in the four counties / cities in central part of Taiwan. Of the 450 surveys sent to the beginning teachers of the national vocational schools in the four counties / cities in central part of Taiwan, 353 subjects responded to most or all of the questions in the survey resulting in an 80.96% response rate, and SPSS 15.0 for Windows was adopted for analysis. The conclusions of the study were as follows:

1.The beginning teachers are under medium level of stress, especially for work loads, and school operation.

2.The frequency of coping strategies used was between “sometimes” and “frequently”. The beginning teachers frequently used the strategy of “seeking supports”, then used “emotion adjustment”, “rational thinking”, and“problem solving” to address the stress.

3.The beginning teachers with different gender, seniority and position significantly differ in their job stress.

4.The coping strategies used by the beginning teachers were significantly different from those with different seniority and position.

5.Those with different stress perception tend to use different coping strategies, and the strategy of “rational thinking”, “seeking supports”, and “emotion adjustment” was often used by those with lower stress perceptions.

Based on the conclusions,some suggestions were offered to the Educational Authority Concerned,educational personnel and Vocational School teachers respectively.