越南學生跨文化適應影響之探究—以臺灣南部某大學為例
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2023
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近年來越南籍學生來臺留學人數穩定成長，在111學年度人數來到2.3萬人，佔境外生全體總數23%，位居第一。本研究欲了解越南學生來臺跨文化適應之情形以及影響跨文化適應之因素為何。本研究參與者選自○○大學就讀的越南籍學生共七位，來臺時間四個月至三年不等，其中有兩位僑生。研究方法為個案研究法，採質性研究，以半結構式訪談法收集資料後加以歸納和分析。研究結果可知越南學生跨文化適應之影響因素，有以下三方面：一、語言能力方面：學習上，有上課聽不懂、漢字書寫的困難；生活溝通上，說話他人聽不懂、結交臺灣朋友不容易。二、社交支持方面有在臺越南家人的協助和在臺老師、同學和朋友的幫助。三、留學動機方面有：個人因素、學術和環境因素、社會因素和經濟因素。其中經濟因素包括來臺留學可合法打工、畢業後想留臺工作。研究結果發現，越南學生跨文化適應影響因素中，社交支持影響最大。在社交支持的影響下，越南學生在臺四個月內可以進入適應期，甚至可以不經歷危機期階段直接進入適應期，U型曲線趨近水平線。這跟Lysgaard(1955)提出的跨文化適應U型理論不一致。
In recent years, the number of Vietnamese students studying in Taiwan has grown steadily, reaching 23,000 in 2022, accounting for 23% of the total numberof overseas students, ranking first. The purpose of this study is to understand the cross-cultural adjustment of Vietnamese students to Taiwan and the factors affecting cross-cultural adjustment. Participants in the study selected seven Vietnamese students from ○○ University, ranging from four months to three years, and two of them are overseas Chinese. The research method was case study, qualitative study, and semi-structural interview method is used to collect data and then summarize and analyze it.The results show that there are three factors influencing Vietnamese students' cross-cultural adjustment: 1. In terms of language skills, it is difficult to understand and write Chinese characters in class, and in communicating with others, it is not easy to make friends in Taiwan. 2. Social support includes assistance from family members in Taiwan and from teachers, classmates and friends in Taiwan. 3. The motivation for studying abroad includes personal factors, academic and environmental factors, social factors and economic factors. Economic factors include the legalpossibility of working in Taiwan and the desire to stay in Taiwan after graduation.The results showed that social support was the most important factor in the cross-cultural adjustment of Vietnamese students. Under the influence of social support, Vietnamese students can enter a period of adjustment within four months or even without going through a crisis. This is inconsistent with Lysgaard's theory of cross-cultural adjustment.
In recent years, the number of Vietnamese students studying in Taiwan has grown steadily, reaching 23,000 in 2022, accounting for 23% of the total numberof overseas students, ranking first. The purpose of this study is to understand the cross-cultural adjustment of Vietnamese students to Taiwan and the factors affecting cross-cultural adjustment. Participants in the study selected seven Vietnamese students from ○○ University, ranging from four months to three years, and two of them are overseas Chinese. The research method was case study, qualitative study, and semi-structural interview method is used to collect data and then summarize and analyze it.The results show that there are three factors influencing Vietnamese students' cross-cultural adjustment: 1. In terms of language skills, it is difficult to understand and write Chinese characters in class, and in communicating with others, it is not easy to make friends in Taiwan. 2. Social support includes assistance from family members in Taiwan and from teachers, classmates and friends in Taiwan. 3. The motivation for studying abroad includes personal factors, academic and environmental factors, social factors and economic factors. Economic factors include the legalpossibility of working in Taiwan and the desire to stay in Taiwan after graduation.The results showed that social support was the most important factor in the cross-cultural adjustment of Vietnamese students. Under the influence of social support, Vietnamese students can enter a period of adjustment within four months or even without going through a crisis. This is inconsistent with Lysgaard's theory of cross-cultural adjustment.
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外籍學生, 越南學生, 跨文化適應, 跨文化適應影響因素, Foreign Students, Vietnamese Students, Cross-cultural Adjustment, Cross-cultural Adjustment Factors