從相關政策探討臺灣原住民族知識保存及傳遞模式

Abstract

由於當前有關臺灣原住民族知識架構並不完善、範圍仍不明確且分歧，導致中央部會、地方政府或民間單位在原住民族知識保存及傳遞模式相關政策推展與目標之間，仍有些許落差；若欲突破此重要關鍵，唯有透過系統化的記載及整合，才能反映出原住民族知識保存及傳遞之相關政策發展全貌。本研究採質性研究取向，以文本分析法進行研究，透過系統化的記載及整合臺灣原住民族知識，分析臺灣原住民族活態知識保存及傳遞之相關政策，反映出原住民族知識發展全貌，以及保存及傳遞現況，藉此重新思考未來進行原住民族知識保存及傳遞時應著眼之處。透過本研究之發現，原住民族知識相關領域發展自1990年起數量逐漸增加，並趨於穩定型成長。而依原住民族知識依分類範疇分析，以「文化展現」、「傳遞與教育」、「營生」等三部分所佔為多；「媒介」、「法權」及「族群互動」等三部分所佔為少。再行透過政府部門建置之數位典藏、數位落差與數位學習等相關國家型科技計畫網站進行分析，發現內容以「文化展現」、「語言」知識範疇為多，且多數遵循相關規劃指標而建置，推論得以支援對原住民族議題有興趣之人士之資訊需求。此外，透過本研究之分析，發現原住民族知識現行雖已累積相當豐富的學術成果，但多側重於某一些領域發展，或循同一操作模式，對於統合性或長遠性之規劃仍有待加強與改善，爰提出相關實質建議。Due to the insufficiency of the current knowledge framework related to Taiwan indigenous people, unclarity and diversity of the domain range, there is still more or less a gap between the promoting and goals of the related policies in Taiwan indigenous knowledge preservation and transmission patterns, by central ministries, local governments or non-governmental organizations. To overcome such key bottleneck, it is only through systematic recording and integration so that the development of the related policies in indigenous knowledge preservation and transmission can be fully viewed. This work is a qualitative research, conducted using textual analysis. Through systematic recording and integrating Taiwan indigenous knowledge, we analyze the related policies in Taiwan indigenous live knowledge preservation and transmission, to reflect the whole development process of indigenous knowledge and current status of preservation and transmission. We thereby rethink about what to pay attention to in progressing indigenous knowledge preservation and transmission in the future. In the discovery of this research, the development of the fields related to indigenous knowledge grew gradually in quantity since 1990 and stabilized in steady growth. Analyzed according to indigenous knowledge categories, “demonstration of culture”, “transmission and education”, and “management and living” are three parts that are large in number while the parts “media”, “lawful rights”, and “interaction of ethnic groups” are outnumbered. Furthermore, through analyzing the digital archives of governmental departments and the websites of national technology plans such as digital divide and learning, it is found that the knowledge domains “demonstration of culture” and “languages” are large in number, and most of them are established according to the related planned indicators. We can inference to support patterns. There is room for strengthening and for integrated and long-term plans where we provide related constructive suggestions.