Pachinko《柏青哥》文本中關於身分認同的分析

Abstract

近幾十年來，隨著後殖民研究的蓬勃發展，文學作品中的離散書寫也隨之相得益彰，故事內容更顯豐富。本篇論文從文化認同理論的角度探討《柏青哥》中四代在日韓國人的離散經歷。本研究結果顯示個體以及族群的身分認同會隨著時間的流逝、空間的移轉以及人際間的交流互動而產生不同的變化。而藉由《柏青哥》的出版，Min-Jin Lee不但將二戰期間在日韓國人的血淚史呈現給讀者，更帶領讀者反思後殖民論述中身分認同的多樣性以及長久以來父權制度對女性的身心壓抑及禁錮。

Amid indications of an emerging supranational consciousness, we might consider identity as not merely a kind of “being” but also a process of “becoming”─a continuous process which transcends the barriers of place in which the individual becomes involved in the cross-cultural context and then generates a flexible identity. In Pachinko (2017), Min-Jin Lee breaks through regional boundaries and integrates Korean and Japanese cultures to develop the concept of supranational identity and emphasize multicultural coexistence. She interprets characters’ multiple identities and creates the sense of mobility; even though the Zainichi’s roots are in Korea, they are, in time, nourished by Japan.As the story progresses, Zainichi families no longer focus exclusively on their roots in Korea, but also acknowledge their new growth and branches in Japan. In the age of globalization, individual identity no longer maintains the principle of centrality and unity, but is constantly split and dislocated. This thesis adopts the concepts and methods of identity research and sets these against the historical backdrop to carry out a detailed textual analysis. I explore the characters’ identity deconstruction and reconstruction, and also examine Lee’s attempts to create an alternative discourse─the creation of an inclusive, open, and flexible identity for second- and third- generation Zainichi.My research results are as followed. First, Zainichi communities’ cultural identities are by no means isolated and closed. In order to interpret the formation and significance of cultural identity, the analysis must encompass a network of multiple contexts. Second, the Zainichi’s identity is not static but fluid and constantly constructed. That is, identity is constructed by interacting with family members, social systems and various communities. In the process of interaction, identity is constantly transformed by changes in time and space, and be deconstructed and reconstructed.