角色認取與道德判斷之關係

Abstract

「設身處地，推己及人」與道德有密切關係，若能促進人類這種能力的發展，可以達到相互尊重，和諧幸福的社會。在教育上是一件很有意義與價值的事。然而「忠恕」一詞在心理學上期有何種意義？「設身處地，推己及人」的能力是如何發展的，在道德發展上具有何種的地位與影響？為尋找這些問題的答案，引起研究本文的動機。

According to cognitive developmental theory, role-taking is a major prerequisite for moral growth. Role-taking refers to the ability to take the point of view of another person. Moral growth, according to Piaget is dependent on overcoming egocentrism and realism. The experiences of role-taking help the child to give up egocentrism and realism as well as unilateral respect for adults. And it is also assumed by L. Kohlberg that moral stages represent successive modes of taking the role of others and that, hence, opportunities for role-taking are the social-environmental determinants of moral judgment. The findings obtained by tests indicated that there was a positive significant correlation between role-taking and moral judgment.(r=.35 p<.01 n=140) In addition, 14-year-olds had higher scores than 10-year-olds. No sex differences were discovered in this study.