政府採購制度與政治防腐之研究

Abstract

論文摘要： 本研究以政府採購制度為主變項，政治防腐為依變項，若現行政府採購制度做好，即可達到政治防腐之目的。經研究發現：現行政府機關採購制度在政治防腐上的具體成就為多元化設計之防貪機制及全民監督作用；其缺失為採購與防腐法令制度仍不完整及欠缺獨立反貪腐組織。 政府採購制度顯然優點大於缺點，且國際透明組織及法務部針對台灣廉政相關調查結果，顯示評價不差，理論上政治防腐已達到一定成效，惟民眾期待甚高，調查結果與民眾感受有顯著的落差。究其因為：採購預算編列未彈性應用、資訊不夠公開化、採購的防弊程式繁複、採購評選委員選聘制度不健全、採購專業人才缺乏、監督系統不夠完善、事後審計工作待加強。 是以，本研究建議：採購政策方面，應落實採購預算編列和彈性應用、採購資訊宜透明化、宜興利重於防弊、宜健全評選委員之選聘制度、宜健全培訓採購技術與強化專業人才、強化監督系統及加強事後審計工作；至防腐政策方面：行政面向宜建立採購與防腐機制、立法面向宜健全採購與防腐法令制度、司法面向宜設立獨立廉政組織、宜設計多元化之防貪機制、宜強化全民監督。期能供政府機關，研擬相關政策時之參考。

Abstract： My study researched the government’s purchase policy as the major changing factor and the government’s corruption preventing as the minor, the dependant result. If the government’s purchase policy executes well, it can fulfill the purpose of preventing corruption. My research found that the current policy is a multifaceted corruption-preventing mechanism with civilian supervision, but it has weaknesses. Its weaknesses are the inadequacy and incompleteness of the policy and the lack of an independent anticorruption organization. The policy actually has more strengths than weaknesses. According to their investigations, Transparency International and Ministry of Justice of Taiwan believed that Taiwan has made improvements on reducing corruption. Taiwan has, therefore, accomplished much theoretically. However, it is the civilians’ high expectations that make the reality seem less satisfying than what the investigations have shown. The reasons for the seemingly less satisfying reality are that purchase budgets are inflexible; information is not opened enough; anticorruption procedure is too complex; the policy of purchase-investigation-committee hires needs to be made; purchase professionals are in need; the system of supervision needs to be perfected; the aftermath of investigation still requires improvement. Thus, my study makes suggestions as follows: with the respect of purchase policy, purchase budgets and their flexible applications should be realized; information about the purchases should be transparent; profit gaining should be focused more than corruption preventing; the policy of the purchase-investigation committee should be bettered; the purchase technique training should be improved and the relevant professionals should be better trained; the supervision system and the aftermath of the investigations should be strengthened. With the respect of preventing corruption, the administrators should establish purchase and corruption-preventing mechanisms; the legislators should establish purchase and anticorruption laws; the justice department should establish independent corruption-cleansed organizations as well as multifaceted anticorruption mechanisms and strengthen civilian supervision. I anticipate that my study would serve as a reference for government organizations in law and policy makings.