跨文化幼兒華語節慶教學之敘事探究－以美國南加州中文學校親子中文學前班為例

Abstract

本研究以敘事探究的方式，探討個人在美國南加州中文學校，親子中文學前班五年的教學歷程。由幼兒節慶教學課程設計，帶出跨文化與多元文化的議題。藉由分析幼兒跨文化教學歷程與僑校課室經營，探討反思所遇到的挑戰、困境與成效。最終，給予美國僑校、幼兒華語老師和未來研究者，實質建議。本研究的研究問題為：（1）經營跨文化華語課堂中，所面臨的文化衝擊與困境為何？（2）僑校課室經營的難點為何？（3）僑校華語教師如何學習美國教育?如何提高教學效能？（4）ACTFL全球公民素養標準帶入幼兒跨文化教學的歷程與成效為何？本研究結果為：（1）海外華語教學所遇到的文化衝突包含性別議題、宗教議題、多元家庭議題，是一個跨文化的歷程。尊重並理解學生多元文化背景，透過敘事探究找到教學動力；（2）僑校租借學區教室諸多限制，專業師資長期缺乏；（3）重視僑校教師需求，補助支持教師專業華語進修；（4）透過ACTFL「全球公民素養標準」，設計合適的跨文化華語節慶教學。本研究額外發現：（1）敘事探究用於教學，可深入探究與反思多元文化課堂；教師亦能透過跨文化課程設計，領悟教學前後的相關性。（2）僑校轉型開設親子中文學前班，成為進入沉浸式小學的跳板，與沉浸式小學共同成長。

This study uses a narrative inquiry to explore five-year teaching experience from Parent-and-Me class in a Chinese school in Southern California. Researhing Cross-Cultural and multicultural issues at the Chinese class for Preschooler. Through analyzing the Cross-Cultural teaching process and classroom management with preschoolers, this paper discusses the challenges, difficulties and achievements from reflection. Finally, there are practical suggestions for Chinese schools, preschooler Chinese teachers and future researchers. The results of this study are: (1) Overseas Chinese teaching is a process to bridge diverse culture. Cultural conflicts include gender issues, religious issues and alternative family issues. Understand and respect students’ multicultural backgrounds and find solutions through narrative inquiry. (2) Chinese schools often face complex regulations renting classrooms from local school districts and long-term shortage of professional Chinese teachers. (3) Support and value teachers to participate in professional teacher training program. (4) Based on ACTFL World-Readiness Standards, design appropriate cross-cultural Chinese festival teaching. Additional findings from this study were: (1) Applying narrative inquiry in teaching, can deeply explore and reflect on multicultural subjects; Teachers can also connect the relevance between before and after teaching through cross-cultural curriculum design. (2) The transformation of overseas Chinese schools offering Parent-and-Me Chinese classes for preschoolers has become the springboard entering immersive primary schools and growing together with immersive primary schools.