體育運動世界現象場之探究--實踐、反思、重構

Abstract

本篇論文旨在於探究體育教學和運動訓練中，所發生的種種事物和經驗現象。體育教學抑或是運動訓練，廣義來說，均為人與人之間心靈的交流和溝通，甚至在不同時間的歷史背景，不同空間的位置環境，人與社會的綿延交織，進而孕育出嶄新的生活世界。研究者將體育教學與運動訓練的概念，結合生活世界的觀念，歸納後定義而成一個複合名詞，稱之為「體育運動世界」。在體育運動世界中，教練、選手、教師、學生等不同個體角色，受到時間、空間、情境、意識等不同因素影響，個體角色均存在於自我所構成的體育運動世界裡。「現象場」意指個體角色的內在知覺或身體經驗所構成的現象世界，追本溯源回到「經驗場」中進行描述。首先，本研究採用敘說探究方式，使得彌足珍貴的體育運動實踐經驗得以再現。接著，藉由個體角色對於身體與世界接觸之後進行現象學反思，逐步勾勒出體育運動世界中所發生的「現象場」，同時抓取其中產生的核心問題，進一步分析個體角色「現象場」的六個面向，分別為技術能力面向、情緒心境面向、設計方案面向、控制關係面向、置身空間面向以及狀態時間面向。最後，個體角色利用身體部署的概念進行知識重構，讓現象學反思後的意義和價值，能夠實際的呈現於世，且確切運用於真實的體育運動世界。站在本研究的立場，研究者相當肯定敘說探究和現象學反思的應用價值，並且，發覺體育運動世界「現象場」的探究。體驗實踐、反省自身以及知識重構，是研究上的重要徑路。The purpose of the research is to probe into the occurring events and phenomenological descriptions in physical education teaching and athletic training. Broadly speaking, they are referred to as interaction and communication among people. Furthermore, with the interweaving among individuals and groups in different historical backgrounds and geological environments, brand-new world is thus developed. The researcher weaves the elements of the world into the concept of physical education and athletic training and further classifies and defines to construct a term- “physical training world”. In this world, coaches, athletes, teachers and students respectively co-exist in this “physical training world” under the influence of time, space context and different ideology. Phenomenal field refers to the world that an individual instructs with his or her inner consciousness, which can be traced back to experiential field for detailed description. To start with, the researcher describes valuable physical training world experience in a narrative inquiry; and reflects on the interaction between individual physical contact with the world with phenomenology to depict the Phenomenal field in this “physical training world” In addition, the researcher identifies the core issue and further analyzes the phenomenal fields from six aspects: skills, emotions designs, controls, space and time. Finally, an individual utilize Dispositif of the Body is utilized to re-construct the knowledge, which brings out the more valuable and practical meaning and value of phenomenology. The researcher finds narrative inquiry appreciative and the application of phenomenology is meaningful. The inquiry of phenomenal field in the “physical training world” will go beyond imagination. Body praxis, problem solving reflection, and knowledge reconstruction are the key arguments in the research.