聊天機器人之社會支持類型對減緩中高齡者寂寞感與社交焦慮之效果

Abstract

Loboprabhu 和 Molinari (2012) 指出寂寞的情緒對健康有負面的影響，許多中高齡者經常因為生理功能變差，或是因為逐漸缺少與人交流的機會，而產生失落、寂寞等等的負面情緒。過去的文獻顯示聊天機器人能提供社會支持並達到陪伴長輩的效果。因此，本研究以情緒性社會支持、訊息性社會支持聊天機器人作為研究工具，探討聊天機器人所提供之不同社會支持類型減緩長輩寂寞感、社交焦慮的情形，研究目的為：（一）探討聊天機器人所提供之不同社會支持類型對中高齡者寂寞感之差異情形。（二）探討聊天機器人所提供之不同社會支持類型對中高齡者社交焦慮之差異情形。本研究以以立意取樣(Purposive sampling)方式進行抽樣，以北區的社區大學、樂齡學習中心或社區據點45歲以上曾使用line通訊軟體之中高齡者作為招募對象。研究共招募二組受試者，分別為使用提供情緒性聊天機器人21位、訊息性聊天機器人24位，共招募45位受試者。在情緒性支持之組別給予中高齡者們關心、尊重與傾聽等的溫暖回覆；在訊息性支持型聊天機器人之組別提供中高齡者忠告、建議及解決問題之知識性訊息分享。研究進行方式為聊天機器人施測和實體的形式發放問卷。本研究之結果為(1)聊天機器人之社會支持對於減緩中高齡者之寂寞感有顯著效果。(2)聊天機器人之社會支持對於減緩中高齡者之社交焦慮未達顯著水準。Loboprabhu and Molinari (2012) pointed out that loneliness has a negative impact on health, many middle-aged and elderly people often experience negative emotions such as loss and loneliness due to the deterioration of their physiological functions or the gradual lack of opportunities to communicate with others. Previous literature has shown that chatbots can provide social support and achieve the effect of accompanying elders. Therefore, this study uses emotional social support, informational social support chatting robots as a research tool to explore how different types of social support provided by chatbots can alleviate the loneliness and social anxiety of elders. The purposes of the research are: (1) To explore the difference between different types of social support provided by chatbots on the loneliness of middle-aged and elderly people. (2) To explore the difference between different types of social support provided by chatbots on the social anxiety of middle-aged and elderly people. In this study, sampling is carried out by means of purposive sampling, and the elderly over 45 years old who have used the line communication software in community colleges, senior learning centers or community bases in the North District are recruited. The study recruits two groups of subjects, 21 using chatbots that provide emotional, 24 using chatbots that provide informational social support. A total of 45 subjects are recruited. In the group of emotional support, warm responses of care, respect and listening are given to middle-aged and elderly people; in the group of informative support chatbots, advice, suggestions and knowledge sharing of problem-solving for middle-aged and elderly people are provided. The research was carried out in the form of chat robot administration and physical questionnaires. The results of this study are (1) Social support of chatbots can alleviates the loneliness of middle-aged and elderly people. (2) Social support of chatbots cannot alleviates the social anxiety of middle-aged and elderly people.