以健康信念模式探討-桃園縣某完全中學國中生體重控制行為之研究
Abstract
本論文旨在探討學生體重控制行為與健康信念、自我效能及背景變項等變項關係。本研究以桃園縣六和國中一、二、三年級學生，其中男生180人、女生160人，共計340人為研究樣本，並以結構式自填問卷進行調查。計得有效問卷310份，回收率達95。利用SPSS for windows 12.0套裝軟體進行分析，得到重要結果如下：
一、研究對象對肥胖相關疾病嚴重性認知傾向於「非常嚴重」(=4.38)，並發現在自覺體型上有顯著差異；對體重控制利益性認知傾向於「非常同意」(=4.13)、障礙認知傾向於「中立意見」(=3.45)。
二、研究對象未來進行體重控制行為介於有可能與非常有可能之間，並傾向「有可能」(78.1%)。
三、研究對象之節制飲食自我效能傾向「中立意見」(=3.39)，運動行為自我效傾向「中立意見」(=3.19)。
四、不同性別及自覺體型之研究對象在運動行為自我效能上有顯著差異；有無體控制經驗之研究對象在節制飲食自我效能上有顯著差異。
五、不同性別、運動自我效能高及自覺體型之研究對象在未來體重控制行為有顯著差異。
六、學生之體重控制行為與健康信念中之利益性認知(r=0.10)及行動線索(r=0.29)呈顯著正相關；與嚴重性認知(r=-0.36)、障礙性認知呈負相關(r=-0.05)。
七、學生之體重控制行為與節制飲食(r=0.26)及運動自我效能(r=0.50)均呈顯著正相關，且運動行為自我效能把握度較飲食節制自我效能把握度高。
八、研究架構中相關變項對未來體重控制行為解釋力達20﹪，可有效預測之變項為運動自我把握度、性別及自覺體型，其中以運動把握度最具影響力，自覺體型次之。
The main purpose of this research is to understand the senior high students’intentions toward the weight control and their relation with the health belief model,self-efficacy, and background. This research took the students of the Lio-Ho senior high school in Taoyan as a sampling group and 340 students from the group as research samples, and then made an investigation with structural self- filled questionnaire.The number of the valid questionnaire is 310, and the recoveringrate is 95%.Via SPSS for windows 12.0.The important conclusions are: 1. The subjects tend to hold extreme possibility opinions toward perceive dsusce ptibility( =4.38), They tend to extreme serious perceive toward the perceive dseriousness of the diseases caused from obesity( =4.13), extreme agree perceive toward perceived benefits of taking action of weight control( =3.45), and to hold neutral opinions toward barriers to taking action. 2. The subjects’intentions of carrying out the weight control in the future are between possibility and extreme possibility, and tend to possibility(78.1%). 3. The subjects hold neutral opinions toward the self- efficacy of diet and exercise. 4. Significant differences of the self- efficacy of exercise are found diverse sex and the types of self-awareness; Significant differences of the self- efficacy of exercise are founddiverse sex and the types of self-awareness; Significant differences of the self- efficacy ofdiet is found the having or not the experience of weight control in the past. 5. Significant differences of intentions of future weight control are found diverse sex, having or not the experience of weight control in the past and the types of self-awareness. 6. The subjects’intentions of the weight control have a positive correlation with theperceived seriousness(r=-0.36) , the perceived benefits of taking action in the health beliefmodel(r=0.10) ,the behavioral clues(r=0.50) and a negative correlation with barriers totaking action(r=-0.05). 7. The subjects’ intentions of the weight control have a positive correlation with diet（r=0.26）and self-efficacy of exercise(r=0.50), and the confidence of self-efficacy of exerise is higher than of diet. 8. In the structure of this research, the related variation’s abilities to explain the intentions of future weight control is 20%. The predictable variations are the confidence of self-efficacy of exercise sexes and the figure of self awareness，Among them，the confidence of self-efficacy of exercise in the most influential；the second one is the figure of self awareness.
The main purpose of this research is to understand the senior high students’intentions toward the weight control and their relation with the health belief model,self-efficacy, and background. This research took the students of the Lio-Ho senior high school in Taoyan as a sampling group and 340 students from the group as research samples, and then made an investigation with structural self- filled questionnaire.The number of the valid questionnaire is 310, and the recoveringrate is 95%.Via SPSS for windows 12.0.The important conclusions are: 1. The subjects tend to hold extreme possibility opinions toward perceive dsusce ptibility( =4.38), They tend to extreme serious perceive toward the perceive dseriousness of the diseases caused from obesity( =4.13), extreme agree perceive toward perceived benefits of taking action of weight control( =3.45), and to hold neutral opinions toward barriers to taking action. 2. The subjects’intentions of carrying out the weight control in the future are between possibility and extreme possibility, and tend to possibility(78.1%). 3. The subjects hold neutral opinions toward the self- efficacy of diet and exercise. 4. Significant differences of the self- efficacy of exercise are found diverse sex and the types of self-awareness; Significant differences of the self- efficacy of exercise are founddiverse sex and the types of self-awareness; Significant differences of the self- efficacy ofdiet is found the having or not the experience of weight control in the past. 5. Significant differences of intentions of future weight control are found diverse sex, having or not the experience of weight control in the past and the types of self-awareness. 6. The subjects’intentions of the weight control have a positive correlation with theperceived seriousness(r=-0.36) , the perceived benefits of taking action in the health beliefmodel(r=0.10) ,the behavioral clues(r=0.50) and a negative correlation with barriers totaking action(r=-0.05). 7. The subjects’ intentions of the weight control have a positive correlation with diet（r=0.26）and self-efficacy of exercise(r=0.50), and the confidence of self-efficacy of exerise is higher than of diet. 8. In the structure of this research, the related variation’s abilities to explain the intentions of future weight control is 20%. The predictable variations are the confidence of self-efficacy of exercise sexes and the figure of self awareness，Among them，the confidence of self-efficacy of exercise in the most influential；the second one is the figure of self awareness.
Description
Keywords
體重控制, 健康信念, 自我效能, Intentions of weight-control, Health belief model, Self-efficacy