臺灣原住民族酒與祭典之中高級華語文化教材發展與教學設計

Abstract

本研究旨在透過編寫出以臺灣原住民族酒與祭典文化為主題之中高級華語文化教材，並以此設計文化課程，進行文化教學。使華語學習者透過臺灣原住民族酒與祭典文化了解臺灣在地文化，進而看見與認同臺灣文化特色。如今已邁入「在地化」的時代，原住民族文化為臺灣相當具代表性與特色的在地文化，但目前卻鮮少有深入介紹此文化之華語教材，文化教材中的原住民族文化也多有視角偏頗或零碎表淺等問題。此外，許多研究都證實了酒和祭典之於原住民族的重要性，以及兩者密不可分的關係。因此，本研究藉參與國立臺灣師範大學與臺灣文學館合作之「臺灣文學與文化基本教材編寫出版計畫」，編寫以原住民族酒與祭典文化為主題之臺灣文學與文化中高級華語教材。嘗試擺脫過去以漢人為中心的撰寫角度，改以臺灣島嶼的視角介紹原住民族人眼中自己的酒與祭典文化。教材在經過華語文教學與臺灣文學領域之專家委員審查及修改過後，研究者以兩本教材內容為基礎設計課程，對中高級華語文學習者進行了臺灣原住民族酒與祭典文化教學，並邀請一位華語文教學領域專家做為教學觀察者，針對課程設計與執行提供專業建議。從學習者課前與課後調查的結果比對及教學觀察者的回饋可知，本研究設計之臺灣原住民族酒與祭典文化教材與課程，不僅能讓學習者透過了解原住民族酒與祭典文化的意義，認識臺灣文化特色，肯定臺灣在地文化的價值，藉由教學時的「文化轉譯」，亦能跨越文化和語言之間的隔閡，使擁有不同語言、文化背景的華語學習者在學習臺灣文化的同時，也能認同自身的文化，並促使其將臺灣文化以不同的語言再向外傳播，促進文化間的多方交流與良性互動。This study aims to develop upper intermediate Chinese language teaching materials centered on the alcohol and festival culture of Taiwan’s Indigenous peoples, and to design a corresponding cultural curriculum for instructional use. The goal is to help Chinese learners understand Taiwan’s local culture through the lens of Indigenous traditions, thereby recognizing and appreciating the unique culture of Taiwan.In today’s era of localization, Indigenous culture represents one of the most distinctive and representative aspects of Taiwan’s local identity. Numerous studies have confirmed the central role of alcohol and festivals in Indigenous societies. In response, this study seeks to move beyond the traditionally Han-centric narrative, instead presenting Indigenous culture from an island perspective and through the eyes of Indigenous communities themselves. After being reviewed and revised by experts, the materials were used to design a course targeted at upper intermediate Chinese learners. A professional in the field of Chinese language education was also invited to offer expert feedback on the course design and implementation.The results show that the teaching materials and curriculum not only help learners grasp the cultural significance of alcohol and festivals among Taiwan’s Indigenous peoples, but also deepen their understanding of Taiwan’s cultural characteristics and affirm the value of its local culture. Through"cultural translation" during instruction, the curriculum bridges cultural and linguistic gaps, promoting intercultural communication and positive cross-cultural interaction.