台灣基督長老教會宣教的語言變遷

Abstract

白話字佇 1865 年就隨著基督傳入了台灣，當時的宣教師攏堅持用在地語言來傳播基督教的教義，所以佇宣教師欲來台灣進前，攏必須愛代先學習白話字，通過白話字才會當用在地語言來傳教，這個堅持毋若予當時的台灣住民佮宣教師中間，搭起溝通的橋樑，嘛慢慢建立起真深真厚的關係。毋偌予基督教真穩定佇台灣來生根發展，仝時嘛因為白話字的運用所引進的西方知識，予當時的社會大眾增長了見識，提升了住民的素質佮水準。隨著清領、日治、到佇國民黨強力推動單一國語政策實施了後，台灣教會煞漸漸忽視了原先的這個堅持，真濟教會開始無重視白話字的學習，甚至忽略台語禮拜的重要性，完全袂記得上起初宣教師對白話字的堅持，背後到底蘊含了啥物款的意義。 佇這本論文內所欲探討的，是藉著了解台灣基督長老教會的宣教語言使用歷史，來說明白話字，或者是講「母語」保存的必要性。除了進行基督教佮白話字歷史的匯集佮整理以外，嘛透過台灣較代表性的三間教會(台北的雙連基督長老教會、台南的太平境馬雅各紀念教會、屏東的萬丹教會)，針對 遮 20年來，因為語言使用變遷對禮拜人數影響的調查佮分析，發現台語禮拜的參與人數，並袂因為增加其他語言禮拜的設立有所影響，遮說明了台語禮拜佇台灣基督長老教會的信徒心中，存在了袂當忽略的重要性，反倒轉其他語言的禮拜，只不過是應付小撮仔信徒族群的各別需求。最後，論文會提起佇遮三間教會內底，對這幾位白話字運動的前輩，了解 所作的奮鬥，學習 疼惜母語的精神，對 的拍拼來了解咱欲按怎佇生活中推捒母語。 引一句巴克禮牧師佇當初來到台灣的時所講過：「當初拄到台灣，就確信三項事，至今已經過了五十年，猶原堅信不移。第一，若欲有健全閣有活命的教會，每一个信徒不分男女，攏愛研讀聖經。第二，這个目標，若用漢字是達袂到的。第三，使用羅馬拼音的白話字，就會通達到這个目標。」希望藉著本論文的完成，會當予較濟人了解並且珍惜咱的母語—台灣話，以及佮母語相依共存的白話字的使用。

In 1865, Pe̍h-oē-jī (POJ) was distributed in Taiwan with Christianity. At the time, the missionaries insisted on preaching the word of God in terms of local residents’ language. Whomever sent to Taiwan for mission purpose must learn POJ at Amoy firstly. This policy made local people feel kind and friendly to missionaries and then missionaries could easily get along well with native people. The missionaries not only preached the dogma of Christianity but also upgraded the western information at that time. It had rapidly improved the knowledge level of the public. However, local people could unrestrictedly and freely use POJ until Taiwan was colonized by Manchu Dynasty, Japan, and Kuomintang (KMT) in the 19th and 20th centuries. Their policies of forbidding native language, emphasizing empire nation’s language had made Churches gradually give up the insistence of using POJ. In this thesis, we studied the history of Christianity in Taiwan, researched the language development from 1624 to recent and most important of all, we stressed that the preservation of using POJ is necessary and essential in Taiwan. In addition to the history investigation, the recent community census of three churches -Suang Lien Presbyterian Church, Thi-Peng-Keng Maxwell Memorial Church, and Bantan Church- were surveyed and analyzed as well. Therefore, the usage of the mother tongue during weekend worships is extremely crucial to most of church members which were discussed in this census. Since the number of people who used POJ to worship in churches was steadily increased and not influenced by other people who did not use POJ in religious service. This is also a distinct evident that POJ could not be ignored and ought to be properly conserved. In the final, the thesis introduces some senior pioneers who have been working hard on the POJ promotion and participated in POJ Movements for a long time. Their persistence and spirits play an important role in POJ reform history and their behavior and action are worthy for us to follow. I hope, after reading this thesis, readers could realize how precious our mother tongue is and know that POJ is the greatest phonetic notation to our mother tongue. And by learning and boosting POJ, Taiwan people could regain their nationality self-confidence soon!