網球單手與雙手反拍之生物力學分析

Abstract

現今網球選手講求體力與速度，強而有力的擊球已經成為獲勝的重要指標，所以如何打出更快更強勁的抽球，已經成為近年來大家不斷討論及研究的話題。雙手反拍自1970年代中期後迅速的增加，越來越多的網球報導也開始提出反拍的重要性，許多專家學者也開始探討單手與雙手反拍有何不同。爲釐清單手反拍與雙手反拍在定點直線及定點對角擊球時動作之特性，本研究將藉三度空間攝影方式紀錄優秀男子網球選手單手與雙手反拍擊球動作，並主要針對球速、軀幹的角運動學、身體重心轉移、拍頭運動軌跡等參數進行探討，以瞭解此兩種持拍法的差異。並藉由Kwon3D 3.1版動作分析軟體及SPSS統計軟體計算分析。 本研究結論如下: 雙手反拍在對角及直線擊球時皆利用較大的身體旋轉來產生力量，故建議練習時可多朝此方向練習。單手反拍擊球點與身體重心相對位置遠於雙手反拍，這提供了擊球範圍較大的好處，兩種握拍法以運動學角度來看雖各有利弊，但仍有具優勢的地方，日後更可針對不同特點來加強 訓練。

A Biomechanical Analysis of Tennis One-handed and Two-handed Backhand Strokes

Student Name: Ko, Kuan-Ming Advisor Name: Tsai, Chien-Lu January, 2009

Abstract

Nowadays, tennis players pursue stamina and speed. Powerful drives have become an important index of victory. As a result, how to perform a faster and more forceful stroke has been the focus of discussion as well as research in recent years. The use of two-handed backhand strokes has increased rapidly since the mid-1970s. More and more tennis reports have begun to suggest its importance, and researchers also started to probe what the difference is between one-handed and two-handed backhand strokes. In order to understand the particular actions of one-handed and two-handed backhand strokes in terms of position-set straight and cross-corner situations, the research aims to discuss the parameters of ball speed, angular kinematics of human torsos, the shift of body center-gravity, and the moving track of racket heads with the assistance of the 3D-recording of excellent male tennis players. The 3.1 version of Kwon3D action analysis software and SPSS statistics calculation software are adopted. The conclusion of this research is as follows. Back-handed strokes generate power with more body swing in both straight and cross-corner situations. Hence, this characteristic is suggested to be more emphasized during practice. The relative positions of hitting point and body center-gravity of one-handed backhand strokes are farther than two-handed, which provides the benefit of a wider range of drives. The two racket holding techniques have pros and cons from the viewpoint of kinematics, while the positive parts still possess obvious advantages. They can be applied with more regard to their respective features in the future.

Key Words: One-handed Backhand, Two-handed Backhand, Position-set Straight, Position-set Cross-corner