臺灣高級中等學校體育班歷史軌跡之探究（1968~2011）

Abstract

體育班的成立，一般而言，普遍帶動臺灣競技運動的成長，同時逐漸影響整個教育體系的發展。為了瞭解體育班發展歷程，本文探究1968至2011年體育政策的制定對體育班之實施，有何影響。研究結果發現： 一、體育班最早為1968年由臺灣省政府教育廳指定的省立臺中第一中學校、省立臺灣省立臺中女子中學，實施後，因學生適應不良以及學校管理不便，於1975年輔導結束。二、體育班的發展，隨著社會文化、時代背景和教育環境的變遷體育政策的發展與學校的實施執行面向有所不一，並深受行政組織、縣市首長與校長的影響。三、從培育運動人才面向而言，政府單位著重於「績效主義」，強調運動員競技運動表現，以提升國際運動水準，但學校受到教育環境、升學主義的影響，復加上家長的期許，使得體育班的發展備受考驗。四、體育班實施將近40年，培育不少知名運動選手，為臺灣競技運動表現創造奇蹟，尤其在2004年雅典奧運當中，體育班出身的選手，繼楊傳廣與紀政的輝煌年代，創造另一波的高峰與表現。然而體育班雖有其正面評價，但也有不少負面的聲音，誠然是體育班在面對多方壓力下，不得不面對的課題。

The establishment of athletic experimental classes, in general, has brought the growth of competitive sports. Moreover, it also gradually has affected by the development of the whole education system. In order to understand the whole development of athletic classes, the paper explores the formulation of sports policies from 1968 to 2011 on the implementation of the athletic classes. The results of this study showed that: 1. In 1968, Taiwan Provincial Government Department of Education first assigned Provincial Taichung First Middle School, Provincial Taiwan Provincial Taichung Girls' Secondary School, as well as Provincial Taitung Commercial Vocational to set athletic classes during the period of 1969-1970. Regretfully, the students' sense of inferiority and inconvenience of school management closed the project in 1975. 2.The development of the athletic classes was affected by many elements, such as: the social, cultural, historical backgrounds and the changes of educational environment. Besides, it also influenced by the administrative organizations, such as: local governmental principal and school principals. 3.In terms of nurturing sports talent-oriented, government agencies, focused on performance, emphasizing on the athletic sports performance, who wanted to enhance the standard of international sports. Whereas, schools focused on the educational environment and academic elite. Moreover, the impact of parents' expectations blundered the development of the athletic classes. 4.The athletic classes has been implemented for nearly 40 years, cultivating a number of outstanding athletes and competitive sports for Taiwan. It has created immortal good records, especially at the 2004 Athens Olympics, the players of the athletic classes who followed brilliant Yang Chuan-Kuang and Chi Cheng to create another peak performance. However, the establishment of athletic classes although has its positive evaluation, there are also many negative voices. Surely this is the subject for the system of establishment of athletic classes to face nowadays.