碳焦慮與企業綠化程度之探討-以綠色訓練為中介變項

Abstract

「碳焦慮」這個社會現象在各種永續議題出現後被大眾所提出，顧名思義指的是企業對於碳盤查、碳排放、永續相關經營議題的出現而感到緊張不安的情緒。本研究以碳焦慮為前置變項、企業綠化程度為結果變項、綠色訓練為中介變項，並將之分為綠色意識責任訓練（GTAR）及綠色知識技能訓練（GTKS）。希望探討碳焦慮對綠色訓練及企業綠化程度所產生的影響。本研究以組織層級進行研究，透過問卷調查的方式，寄發2016份問卷予臺灣製造業之中高階主管，共回收有效問卷167份，並以SPSS 23和JASP 0.17.1統計軟體進行統計分析。研究結果顯示本研究之假設大多獲得支持：(1)碳焦慮與綠色意識責任訓練具有正向影響、(2)碳焦慮與綠色知識技能訓練具有正向影響、(3)綠色知識技能訓練與企業綠化程度具有正向影響、(4)綠色知識技能訓練對碳焦慮與企業綠化程度具有完全中介效果；未獲支持的研究結果為：(1)綠色意識責任訓練與企業綠化程度未有顯著影響、(2)綠色意識責任訓練在碳焦慮與企業綠化程度之間無中介效果、(3)碳焦慮與企業綠化程度未有顯著影響。根據研究結果提供以下管理實務之見解，(1)綠色知識技能訓練相較於綠色意識責任訓練的成效對企業來說更立竿見影；(2)適逢大缺工時代，企業無法及時補充生力軍，轉而培養內部員工之第二專長，並依據其能力提供職涯發展路徑的轉變亦是因應當前永續趨勢的方法之一；(3)綠色知識技能訓練有助於提升企業綠化程度，綠色訓練如：工業局「1+N計畫」讓標竿企業帶著上下游廠商共同進行碳盤查、碳排放，發現問題並一起解決問題，促進供應鏈共同減碳、讓員工參與各單位所開設之永續訓練課程，提升個人永續知識，成為企業內部講師傳授永續知識等。The social phenomenon of"carbon anxiety" emerges after various sustainability issues arise, referring to the anxiety felt by corporate executives in businesses due to the emergence of carbon audits, carbon emissions, and other sustainability-related operational concerns. This study investigates carbon anxiety as the independent variable, the level of business greening as the dependent variable, and green training as the mediating variable, which is further divided into Green Awareness and Responsibility Training (GTAR)and Green Knowledge and Skills Training (GTKS). The aim is to explore the impact of carbon anxiety on green training and the level of business greening.This research is conducted at the organizational level. A questionnaire survey was utilized, with 2016 questionnaires distributed to managers or CEOs in the manufacturing industry in Taiwan. From these distributions, a total of 167 valid questionnaires were returned. Statistical analysis was then carried out using SPSS 23 and JASP 0.17.1 software.Based on the research findings conclude that: (1) Carbon Anxiety has a positive impact on Green Training of Awareness and Responsibility; (2) Carbon Anxiety has a positive impact on Green Training of Technical Knowledge and Skill; (3) Green Training of Technical Knowledge and Skill has a positive impact on the level of Business Greening; (4) Green Training of Technical Knowledge and Skills has direct mediating effect on the relationship between Carbon Anxiety and Business Greening. However, GTAR has no significant impact on the level of business greening, and there is no mediating effect between carbon anxiety and the level of Business Greening.The following management recommendations are provided based on the research results: (1) Green Training of Technical Knowledge and Skill has a greater impact on businesses compared to Green Training of Awareness and Responsibility ; (2)Under the labor shortage situation, companies should focus on cultivating"green talents." In the absence of fresh recruits, strengthening internal employees' green training can provide them with diverse career paths and bring different benefits to the company;(3) Green Training of Technical Knowledge and Skill contribute to enhancing the level of business greening, such as project by the government allowing benchmarking enterprises to conduct carbon audits and emissions reduction initiatives collectively with upstream and downstream partners.