利用電子票證分析內科地區公車乘客通勤行為

Abstract

內湖科學園區在早期規劃為輕工業區，區內之道路設計對於乘載大量就業人口上有限制，近十年來，隨著就業人口移入內湖科學園區帶來了大量的通勤人口。然而內湖地區的軌道交通系統，缺乏有效的運輸量能載運通勤者，內湖科學園區大多位於捷運可及性低之區域，公車成為軌道運輸外的重要運具選擇。相關研究表明，長時間的通勤和較長的公車行駛路線，對於通勤者和駕駛帶有負面影響，藉由公車著手改善、調整運輸服務水準，將比起軌道交通系統更為彈性、合適。隨著GPS、ITS研究和無線通訊技術的發展，以及政府對數據開放的積極態度，研究者以及相關單位得以取得大量的交通資料數據，其中之一項為電子票證資料（SCD）。過往通勤相關研究中，電子票證資料是分析通勤模式的合適素材。為分析內湖地區的通勤模式，本研究採用了兩種方法。首先，利用集群分析法對電子票證資料將通勤群體進行分類；其次，利用關聯式法則，找出各個搭乘群體其頻繁搭乘站牌。透過此兩種方法，分析內湖科技園區的公車通勤模式。透過本研究暸解內湖科學園區通勤至其他地區之旅運需求，以一小時尺度之電子票證資料，得以分析出內湖科學園區通勤乘客族群；後續透過關聯式法則的兩項指標，進一步探索往返內湖科學園區間，具有搭乘規律之站牌。研究結果可提供公部門，針對現行內科通勤專車及其他公車路線、時刻表的服務水準的調整；也提供私部門之業主，作為調整彈性上下班之參考依據。

Neihu Technology Park was planned as a light industrial zone in the early days. The road design in the area had restrictions on carrying a large number of employed people. In the past decade, as the employed population moved into Neihu Technology Park, it brought a large number of commuters. However, the rail transit system in the Neihu area lacks effective transportation capacity to carry commuters. Most of the Neihu Technology Park are located in areas with low MRT accessibility. Buses have become an important transportation option besides rail transportation.Relevant studies have shown that long commutes and long bus routes have a negative impact on commuters and drivers. Improving and adjusting transportation service levels through buses will be more flexible and appropriate than rail transit systems.With the development of GPS, ITS research, and wireless communication technologies, as well as the government's proactive approach to data openness, researchers and interested parties have access to a large amount of transportation data, one of which is smart card data (SCD). SCD is a suitable material for analyzing commuting patterns in previous commuting-related studies. In order to analyze the commuting patterns in the Neihu Technology Park, two methods were used in this study. First, cluster analysis was used to categorize commuter groups using SCD, and second, the association rule was used to identify the frequent stops of each group. By using these two methods, the bus commuting patterns in Neihu Technology Park were analyzed.Through this research, we understand the travel demand for commuting from Neihu Technology Park to other areas. Using smart card data on an hourly basis, we can analyze the commuter passenger group of Neihu Technology Park. Subsequently, through the two indicators of the Association Rule, to further explore the stop signs with regular boarding rules between Neihu Technology Park and back. The research results can provide the public sector with adjustments to the service levels of current Neihu Technology Park commuter buses and other bus routes and timetables; it can also provide private sector owners with a reference basis for adjusting flexible commuting.