諮商專業工作者與個案的 雙文化自我概念契合與諮商效能之關係

Abstract

本研究採以雙文化自我概念的建構反映現代華人心理特色，探討諮商專業工作者和個案各自的自我概念取向以及彼此間的契合性與諮商效能之關係。本研究研究邀請從事諮商與輔導之專業工作人員（女性84位、男性14位，平均32歲，平均專業工作年資為4年）及一位與其晤談三次以上的個案（女性59位、男性39位，平均20歲）共同參與研究。研究結果發現，諮商專業工作者和個案的自我概念對自評諮商效能之影響均達顯著，且為正向關係；在自我概念契合的部分，諮商雙方在個人取向自我概念的差異程度，對諮商專業工作者自評諮商效能有顯著負向影響，在社會取向自我概念的差異程度，則對個案評定諮商效能有顯著正向影響；以及，無論在自我概念或取向契合對諮商效能的關係模式中，諮商者評定諮商效能對個案評定諮商效能均有顯著影響。最後，依據研究結果提出實務與研究上的建議。This research attempted to reflect the Chinese psychological characteristics in the modern society by examining the effects of bicultural self-concept orientation of the counselor and the client and the effects of the fitness of the orientation on counseling efficacy. Participants in this study included 98 counselors (84 women, 14 men, with the average age of 32 years old and the average professional seniority of 4 years) and 98 clients (59 women, 39 men, with the average age of 20 years old) who received psychotherapy from these counselors for at least 3 times. The results indicated that both the counselor’s and the client’s self-concept had significant positive impacts on their self-rated counseling efficacy. In terms of the fitness of the counselor’s and the client’s self-concept, the difference between the counselor’s and the client’s individual-oriented self-concept had a significant negative effect on the counselor’s self-rated counseling efficacy while the difference of social-oriented self-concept between the counselor and the clients had a significant positive effect onclient-rated counseling efficacy. In addition, the counselor-rated counseling efficacy had a significant effect on the client-rated counseling efficacy in the model of self-concept as well as the model of orientation fitness. Finally, suggestions and implications for practitioners and researchers were proposed.