高雄愛河綠廊功能之探討

Abstract

愛河是高雄最鮮明的城市意象，在城市經濟發展進步的同時，愛河的環境卻急遽惡化，人與愛河的關係也日益疏離；直到近年來愛河整治略見成效，政府積極推動各項愛河綠廊的景觀改善計畫，促進優質的水岸生活環境，已經成為高雄城市發展的新目標。本文根據愛河的現況，對其綠廊功能進行探討，並針對專家的意見，對於愛河綠廊功能提出細部的說明與討論，俾供為管理機關經營愛河綠廊之參考依據。本文首先回顧國內外研究綠廊的文獻，並進行實地考察，之後以Fábos(2004)提出的綠廊三大功能，即「生態保育」、「休閒遊憩」和「社會文化」為分類基礎，整理出24項愛河綠廊功能的指標因素，並針對26位專家進行模糊德爾菲法專家問卷的調查，結果共篩選出愛河綠廊21項的功能指標，其中生態保育功能有7項，以「提供生物棲息地」和「維護生物多樣性」的分數最高；社會文化功能為6項，「幫助地方感的建立」則是其最突出的功能；在休閒遊憩功能則有8項，是三大功能中最突出的一項，其中以「紓解心理壓力」、「增加觀光遊憩魅力」、「整合都市遊憩機能」和「提高都市景觀美感」四項為最重要的休閒遊憩指標。此外，本研究乃企圖探討當地民眾對於愛河綠廊的看法以及互動情況。透過問卷調查後得知，民眾認為愛河綠廊主要以觀光遊憩和社會文化功能為主；其次才為生態保育和防災；透過因素分析，當地居民對愛河綠廊功能之看法可歸納成五大因素組，包括社會文化、環境保護、觀光遊憩、運動和防災和水上遊憩。而民眾和愛河綠廊的互動特色為參與頻率高但停留時間短，活動類型以「散步」和「放鬆心情」居多。The Love River has been the most vivid urban image of Kaohsiung city. However the environment of the Love River and its relationship with the residents worsened rapidly with the development and progress of the urban economy. Yet now the project to improve the water quality of the Love River seems to be successful, and the government actively promotes landscape improving projects. A high-quality living environment along the shores has been a new aim of the urban development in Kaohsiung. This research discusses the functions of the greenway in details on the basis of current situation of Love River and experts' opinions, to offer reference materials for the administrative department to manage the greenway along the Love River. This research reviews national and international literature about greenway and makes a fieldwork. Based on Fábos’ definition which classifies the functions of greenway in the three categories "ecological conservation", "recreation" and "socio-culture", this study identifies 24 factor indicators, makes a survey with Fuzzy Delphi questionnaire and thus collects 21 function indicators of the greenway along the Love River. There are seven function indicators regarding the ecological conservation. "Offering wildlife habitat" and "Maintaining biodiversity" are at the first places. The socio-culture function has six indicators. "Establishing the sense of place" is most notable. Among the eight indicators regarding the most emphasized recreation function, "Relieving mental pressure", "Increasing tourism attraction", "Integrating urban recreation functionality" and "Improving the cityscape" are the four most important indicators. The new target of the urban development of Kaohsiung city is to promote tourism and recreation on watersides. The relationship between the Love River and people, which was once rather alienated, is getting closer again. The second purpose of this research attempts to examine the residents’ opinions about the function of the green pavements along the Love River and to study the interaction of the local residents and the green pavements along the Love River. The result of the survey by questionnaire shows that people think that the function of the green pavements along the Love River concerns tourism and recreation as well as socio-culture in the first place, environment protection and disaster control in the second place. Based on the factor analysis, the residents’ opinions about the functionality of the green pavements along the Love River may be classified into five factor groups including socio-culture, environment protection, tourism& recreation, exercise & disaster control and recreation in water. People visit these places frequently, but the time they stay there is rather short. The main type of activities the residents do there are stroll and relaxation.