發展青少年靜態行為問卷之研究

Abstract

根據過去的研究調查，臺灣青少年每日的靜態行為時間，男生為7.7小時，女生更是高達為8.7小時；總體而言，無論男女，青少年在假日有高達8.2小時的靜態行為時間。綜整國外文獻，可發現青少年每日靜態行為時間介於5.8-9.3小時，因此各國之公部門也開始關注這項健康議題，並建議青少年應減少從事靜態行為的時間，藉此降低靜態行為對於青少年健康的風險。然而，目前仍缺乏可以使用在大型流行病學調查中的主觀測量工具，而在測量青少年靜態行為問卷部分，至今，國內外皆尚未能發展出同時具備良好信度與效度的工具，導致缺乏對於青少年靜態行為現況及趨勢的有效掌握，因此，本研究之主要目的在發展一份具有良好信度與效度的青少年靜態行為測量問卷並且「適合臺灣本土」之青少年。本研究採方便取樣方式，共計有 106 名學生參與研究，以西元2020年臺北市內湖區某國中八年級學生為研究對象。在再測信度部分，本研究請研究對象在間隔一週的時間裡填寫問卷兩次，再透過相依樣本t檢定、ICC組內相關係數以及斯皮爾曼相關係數進行分析。在效標關聯效度部分，研究對象會配戴三軸加速規 (Actigraph GT3X) 一週，運用斯皮爾曼等級相關分析，檢視問卷後測測量與加速規測量總靜態時間之相關性，再運用Bland-Altman Plot比較二者的一致性。本研究所發展出的青少年靜態行為問卷，在再測信度部分，平日靜態行為總時間的ICC係數為0.88 (0.82-0.91)，假日為0.77 (0.68-0.84)，平日的再測信度為0.45；假日的再測信度為0.41，證明本問卷的測量穩定性仍需加強；而校標關聯效度部分，問卷測量的總靜態時間與加速規測量總靜態時間，分別為平日的同時效度 (ρ=0.23, p< 0.05)；假日的同時效度 (ρ= 0.34,p<0.05)，皆未有顯著相關，且透過問卷資料發現，研究對象「平日」的平均靜態行為時間為每日14.74小時，「假日」的平均靜態行為時間為每日10.40小時。有鑑於臺灣目前有關青少年整體靜態時間之大型流行病學調查較為缺乏，因此，本研究以都會地區的青少年作為研究對象，並且初步發展青少年靜態行為問卷，而本研究發展出的問卷，將進一步測量相關數據，期能有助於了解臺灣青少年靜態行為的現況，並能與國際各國之現況進行比較。

According to the previous research, the daily sedentary behavior time of Taiwan teenagers is 7.7 hours for boys and 8.7 hours for girls. Overall, teens of both genders had up to 8.2 hours of sedentary behavior during the holidays. Through the review of the foreign literature, it can be found that the daily time of sedentary behavior of adolescents is between 5.8 and 9.3 hours. Therefore, the public departments of various countries also began to pay attention to this health issue and suggested that adolescents should reduce the time of static behavior, so as to reduce the risk of sedentary behavior to their health. However, at present, there is still a lack of subjective measurement tools that can be used in large-scale epidemiological surveys. In the questionnaire for measuring sedentary behavior of adolescents, tools with both good reliability and validity have not been developed at home and abroad, resulting in a lack of effective grasp of the current situation and trend of sedentary behavior of adolescents. Therefore, The main objective of this study was to develop a sedentary behavior measurement questionnaire for adolescents with good reliability and validity and"suitable for local Taiwan" adolescents. A total of 106 students participated in this study using a convenient sampling method. The subjects were Grade 8 students of a middle school in Neihu District, Taipei in 2020. In the part of retest reliability, subjects in this study were asked to fill in the questionnaire twice in a one-week interval, and then analyzed through the correlation sample T-test, ICC intra-group correlation coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient. In the criterion correlation validity part, subjects will wear Actigraph GT3X for one week. Spearman grade correlation analysis will be used to examine the correlation between the post-questionnaire measurement and the total static time measured by the accelerometer, and then Bland-Altman Plot will be used to compare the consistency between the two. In the questionnaire of sedentary behavior of adolescents developed in this study, the ICC coefficient of the total time of sedentary behavior is 0.88 (0.82-0.91) on weekdays, 0.77 (0.88-0.84) on holidays, and 0.45 on weekdays. The retest reliability of holiday is 0.41, which proves that the measurement stability of this questionnaire needs to be strengthened. For the calibration correlation validity part, the total static time measured by questionnaire and the total static time measured by accelerometer were the simultaneous validity of normal days (ρ=0.23, p<0.05). The simultaneous validity of holiday (ρ= 0.34,p<0.05) was not significantly correlated with each other. It was found through the questionnaire data that the average sedentary behavior time of the research object was 14.74 hours per day on weekdays and 10.40 hours per day on holidays. In view of the lack of large-scale epidemiological surveys on the static time of adolescents in Taiwan, this study took adolescents in metropolitan areas as research objects and initially developed a questionnaire on sedentary behavior of adolescents. The questionnaire developed in this study will further measure relevant data and help to understand the current situation of sedentary behavior of adolescents in Taiwan. And can be compared with the current situation of the international countries.