大學校院學生事務人員工作壓力與工作倦怠之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在瞭解大學校院學生事務人員工作壓力與工作倦怠之現況及其在不同背景變項的差異情形，以及工作壓力與工作倦怠的相關情形。 為達研究目的，本研究採橫斷式研究（cross-sectional study），以分層叢集抽樣法選取台灣地區40所大學校院的學生事務工作人員為研究對象，並以「大學校院學生事務人員工作壓力與工作倦怠調查問卷」進行調查，共發放705份問卷，回收問卷466份，其中有效問卷463份。 研究工具為「大學校院學生事務人員工作壓力與工作倦怠問卷」，係參照國內學者之量表依據研究對象加以修訂，其中工作壓力構面為工作負荷、人際關係、行政配合、認知衝突、專業知能、上級壓力；另工作倦怠構面為情緒耗竭、去人性化、低個人成就感。 根據研究結果發現： 一、大學校院學生事務人員知覺的整體工作壓力為中等程度，其中以「工作負荷」構面之壓力最為顯著，其他依序為「認知衝突」、「上級壓力」、「專業知能」、「行政配合」，而以「人際關係」為最低。 二、大學校院學生事務人員對工作倦怠的感受程度較小，其中以「情緒耗竭」構面之倦怠較為顯著，其次為「低個人成就感」，而以「去人性化」為最低。 三、在工作壓力方面，不同家庭狀況、現職年資、服務單位、教育程度、學校地區及學校性質之大學校院學生事務人員的工作壓力有顯著差異。 四、在工作倦怠方面，不同家庭狀況、服務單位之大學校院學生事務人員的工作倦怠有顯著差異。 五、大學校院學生事務人員工作壓力與工作倦怠呈現正相關，且具有顯著典型相關。 本研究根據以上發現，提出建議，以作為大學校院學生事務相關單位、學生事務人員參考。

The purpose of this study is to understand the current status of job stress and burnout on college student affairs practitioners, and examine the difference of related demographic variables. In addition, this study also attempts to examine relations between job stress and burnout on college student affairs practitioners. This study has employed a cross-sectional research method. Stratified cluster sampling is used to select the survey candidate from 40 universities and colleges in Taiwan. The questionnaire used in this study was “Questionnaire of College Student Affairs Practitioners’ Job Stress and Burnout.” A total of 705 questionnaires were sent out, 466 questionnaires have been collected and there are 463 valuable questionnaires used for analysis. The questionnaire was designed by using references from scholars in Taiwan and was modified based on the object of this study. Areas of job stress in the study include “Workload”, Personal relationship”, “Administrative coordination”, “Cognitive dissonance”, “Professional skills”, “Hierarchical pressure”. Also, areas of burnout include “Emotional exhaustion”, “Depersonalization” and “Reduced personal accomplishment”. The major findings are summarized as followings： 1.The perceived job stress for the college student affairs practitioners is shown on the medium level; “Workload” is on the serious level. Other areas of study is listed by level of seriousness of job stress respectively as follow: “Cognitive dissonance”, “Hierarchical pressure ”, “Professional skills”, “Administrative coordination” and “Personal relationship”. 2.The perception of burnout on the college student affairs practitioners is on the slight level, but “Emotional exhaustion” is on the serious level. Other areas of study are listed by level of seriousness of perception of burnout on college practitioners respectively as follow: “Diminished personal accomplishment” and “Depersonalization”. 3.Each of the factors, such as “Family status”, “Working experience for current job”, “Service unit”, “Educational background”, “Location of institution”, “Public or private institution” shows a significant influence, which differs the college student affairs practitioners’ received job stress. 4.Each of the factors, such as “Family factors”, “Service unit” also shows a significant influence, which differs the college student affairs practitioners’ received burnout from work. 5.Job stress and burnout are related, there is a significant Canonical Correlation between job stress and burnout on the college student affairs practitioners. Based on the conclusion above, recommendations for practice and further research have also been provided in the study.