新校訂文本下：馬勒《第四號交響曲》的出版脈絡與指揮研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討馬勒《第四號交響曲》於新校訂文本下所產生的詮釋轉變，尤其著重分析此曲出版歷程中的版本差異及其對指揮詮釋的影響。首先，本文回顧馬勒所處的十九世紀末至二十世紀初維也納時代背景，分析當時多元的藝術氛圍及反猶主義社會環境如何形塑他的創作思維與音樂風格。接著，本文透過文獻考察，深入剖析馬勒與出版商Universal Edition合作的具體過程，釐清《第四號交響曲》繁多版本的形成脈絡，探究馬勒個人修訂與後續出版修訂間的差異原因與脈絡關係。其次，本研究從新修訂版（Neue Kritische Gesamtausgabe）出發，透過文本校勘與手稿比對，指出不同時期版本之間的差異，並探討指揮家如何在各版本中進行考究並抉擇不同的樂譜記號細節，以重新塑造屬於馬勒音樂的音樂色彩與詮釋觀點。接續而來的是針對樂曲本身的深入分析與指揮詮釋討論，本研究逐樂章進行詳細解析，包含樂句結構、弱起小節、音響色澤、繪詞技法，以及各樂章間的內在邏輯與音樂詮釋歧異。本文發現，新校訂文本的引入確實造成音樂詮釋的顯著轉變，影響指揮者對音樂意涵的理解與呈現，使《第四號交響曲》在當代呈現出更豐富、多元且深入的詮釋面貌。總結來說，本論文期盼透過探討新校訂文本與指揮詮釋的關係，提供更堅實的學術依據，協助音樂研究者與演奏者進一步理解馬勒音樂中的版本議題與藝術價值，從而深化其音樂表達的廣度與深度，持續推動馬勒研究的發展與傳承。This study investigates interpretative transformations of Mahler's Symphony No. 4 considering newly edited critical texts, emphasizing the significance of edition differences throughout its publication history and their impact on conducting interpretations. First, the historical and cultural backdrop of Mahler's Vienna at the turn of the 20th century is examined, specifically exploring how the diverse artistic milieu and prevalent anti-Semitic environment shaped his compositional thought and musical style. Subsequently, through detailed literature review andhistorical investigation, this research analyzes Mahler's collaboration with the publisher Universal Edition (UE), clarifying the formation of multiple versions of Symphony No. 4, and examining discrepancies between Mahler's personal revisions and later editorial changes. Second, using the Neue Kritische Gesamtausgabe (New Critical Complete Edition) as a reference point, this research conducts comparative textual studies and manuscript analyses to identify edition variations across different periods. The analysis explores how conductors interpret and choose specific notational details, revealing how these textual choices reshape the sonic color and interpretative perspectives of Mahler's music. Further, detailed musical analysis and interpretative discussions of the symphony itself are provided, focusing closely on each movement's phrase structures, upbeat bars, tonal colors, word-painting techniques, and interpretative divergences. Findings indicate that the introduction of new critical editions substantially affects interpretative approaches, influencing conductors' understanding and presentation of musical meanings, thus enabling Symphony No. 4 to embody richer, more diverse, and profound interpretations in contemporary performances. In conclusion, this thesis aims to provide a solid scholarly foundation by exploring relationships between critical editions and conducting interpretations. By clarifying textualdiscrepancies and interpretative issues, this study assists both music scholars and performers in gaining deeper insights into version complexities and artistic values of Mahler's music, thereby fostering continued scholarly engagement and sustaining the richness of interpretative traditions.