彩虹世界─男同志愛戀健美體魄與健身文化之初探

Abstract

男同志受到異性戀霸權以及同志社群的雙重社會化衝擊，而造成其特有的圈內社會化；於是乎，在長期受壓迫的社會環境下，健美體魄與健身文化成為男同志對於自我性向的認同與展現，亦是圈內男體認同又慾望男體的魅力展現，是極具代表性的重要資本。因此，本研究以立意取樣方式選擇五位擁有健美體魄且持續參與健身之男同志為本研究之受訪者，研究發現如下： 一、透過時代變遷影響，媒體渲染傳播與同志運動紛紛崛起，健美體魄默化為圈內主流審美觀，成為雙重社會環境之下，象徵男同志身分與認同之途徑。 二、在布爾迪厄其對於場域的概念之下，健身房甚至擴大至整個男同志圈內文化，即是個充斥著競爭的空間，因此男體資本在此場域之內，對男同志而言是求偶的籌碼，亦是交友的利器。 三、影響男同志其圈內健身文化的群聚原因，除了基本場館品質的要求，以及離家遠近之外，透過訪談可了解到，初期選擇加入健身房多是出自於男體資本的累積為出發點（健美體魄塑造、健康因素的考量），其次則為社群集結與友伴關係為主。 四、對男同志而言，健美體魄與健身文化仍為現今圈內主流，無論出發點起始於健美體魄打造亦或同儕關係催化，接說明三者間無法獨立分割，與布爾迪厄強調實踐行為為一不斷循環的歷程相同。Due to the socialization impact by hegemony of heterosexuals and society of homosexuals, male homosexuals had formed their own unique culture. Strong body and culture of fitness became the way that male homosexuals identity and express themselves. Strong and fit body had become important capital in their society. The study used purpose sampling and chose five male homosexuals that with strong body and keep work out as objects, and the study found: 1.As time change and the influence of mess media, also the rose of movement of homosexuals. Strong body became the main aesthetic in their society. It also symbols the identity and identification of male homosexuals. 2.According to Pierre Bourdieu’s theory in field territory, in the gym, even whole male homosexuals circle, are full of competition. So in this field, the capital of body is the chip to find partners, also the weapon to make friends. 3.The reason that influence the culture of fitness between male homosexuals, except basic request for quality of facilities, and the distance from home. The interview found that the most important that reason male homosexuals went to the gym was to accumulate capital of their body, then was to join the society and make partnership. 4.For those male homosexuals, strong body and culture of fitness are still the mainstream in their circle, no matter it was for building the body or to catalyze the partnership. It all showed that those three parts couldn’t be separated. Also, it matched the theory of Pierre Bourdieu, that practice behavior is a unceasing loop.