我的優勢寶盒──精神疾病患者參與「以優勢中心為取向之一人一故事劇場」團體之影響研究

Abstract

本研究旨在發展一套能夠促進精神疾病患者發展正向經驗與覺察優勢的優勢中心取向之一人一故事劇場團體諮商方案，並探討此方案對精神疾病患者的影響內涵及帶來影響的主要因素。研究者邀請12位精神科日間病房之精神疾病患者，參與研究者設計十次的團體。在每一次團體後，邀請參與者填寫團體回饋單，並於第二次團體至第十次團體，訪談當次團體中主要分享故事者之參與經驗，以了解團體施行情形與回饋。而十次團體結束後，研究者邀請4位參與者參與半結構訪談，再透過質性研究中之內容分析法分析訪談資料。研究結果如下：本團體方案能促進精神疾病患者發展正向經驗及覺察自身優勢。對於研究參與者之參與，帶來的影響內涵包含：獲致正向情緒與力量、增進人際互動的深度與廣度、拓展自我探索的範圍、增加對於未來的力量，尤其也發現能增進對家人之正向感受，有助於關係之正向發展。而團體對於研究參與者帶來影響的主要因素則可歸納為：團體內容與設計、團體經驗相關、領導者的帶領。此外，優勢力帶給研究參與者的意義，包括：平衡負向思維、覺察與探索優勢力與建立正向連結。而一人一故事劇場帶給研究參與者的助益，包含：釋放情緒壓力、經驗被同理滋養與增進同理之能力。本研究最後基於上述研究結果，針對醫療院所之日間病房，以及與精神疾病患者工作或研究的帶領者，提供實務建議，並給予未來對於促進精神疾病患者發展正向經驗與覺察優勢之議題上有興趣之研究者，可延伸探究的方向，期盼能夠邀請並鼓勵更多人來關注優勢力帶給精神疾病患者的助益。The purpose of this study was to develop a Playback Theater Strength-Centered Approach group counseling program that promotes mental patients’ positive experiences and perception of strengths. Researcher further investigated the influence factors and the effect of the program. Participants were 12 patients with mental illness from daycare in a psychiatric hospital, taking part in 10 sessions of the group counseling. All participants were asked to fill out the feedback form at the end of each session; while 2nd to 10th sessions’ main storytellers were interviewed to understand their experiences, as the implementation and effect of the program. After all sessions were done, the researcher further designed a semi-structured interview outline, and invited 4 of the participants to better understand the influence factors and the main effect of the Playback Theater group counseling program. The interview data were then analyzed through the content analysis method in qualitative research.Results were as follows: The group project promoted the positive experiences and perceived strengths of mental patients. The influences brought by the Playback Theater group counseling program included: Gaining positive emotions and strength, enhancing the depth and breadth of interpersonal interactions, expanding the scope of self-exploration, and increasing strength for the future, especially the positive affect towards their families, which are helpful to positive relationship. In addition, the meaning of strengths brought to the participants included: Balancing negative thinking, exploring and more aware of their strengths, and creating positive connections; while the benefit brought by the Playback Theater included: Releasing emotional stress, experiencing nourished by empathy, and enhanced the ability to empathize others.Finally, based on the above findings, researcher provided suggestions to the group counselors(leaders) or researchers of day wards in medical institutions as well as practitioners working with mental patients. Directions were also provided for future studies to investigate, hoping that would encourage more attention to the benefits of strengths brought to mental patients.