基隆市國中女學生家長對子女接種子宮頸癌疫苗意向及其相關因素研究

Abstract

本論文目的為探討國中女生家長對於女兒施打子宮頸癌疫苗之意願及其預測因素，並以健康信念模式為架構，採分層集束抽樣，取得基隆市女國中生家長413人為研究樣本，以結構式問卷調查歸納如下： 一、 研究對象之女性占大多數，年齡約在36至45歲之間，並以居中家庭社經地位者最多。其對子宮頸癌及其疫苗知識頗高；在自覺子女子宮頸癌嚴重性得分也較高。外部線索則主要來自電視及平面媒體；內部線索則為個人是否聽過子宮頸癌疫苗。 二、 研究對象關於子宮頸癌及其疫苗知識、自覺子女子宮頸癌罹患性、子宮頸癌疫苗接種行動線索、對子女接種子宮頸癌疫苗意向等變項會因為其「家庭社經地位」不同水準而有顯著差異。 三、 研究對象之子宮頸癌及其疫苗知識、子女接種子宮頸癌疫苗之健康信念、子宮頸癌疫苗接種行動線索與對子女接種子宮頸癌疫苗意向皆有顯著相關，其中自覺子宮頸癌疫苗障礙性與對子女接種意向呈顯著負相關。 四、 性別、年齡、家庭社經地位指數、子宮頸癌及其疫苗知識、對子女接種子宮頸癌疫苗之健康信念、子宮頸癌疫苗接種行動線索等可有效預測研究對象對其子女接種子宮頸癌疫苗意向，並可解釋其總變異量之36.9%，其中以「自覺子宮頸癌疫苗有效性」的解釋力最大。 根據以上結果可提供教育、衛生單位日後推展子宮頸癌疫苗接種之參考。

關鍵字：健康信念模式、子宮頸癌疫苗、國中女學生家長

This study aimed to investigate the parental intention to have daughters receive the human papillomavirus vaccine and the predicting factors of the intention. On the basis of the health belief model, the stratified cluster samplings were collected from 413 parents or guardians of female students from junior high schools in Keelung. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. The subjects were women, aged about 36-45 years old and family with middle socioeconomic status in the majority. Therefore, the women in these families know more about the knowledge of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine in the subjects, and also got higher scores in “Perceived severity of daughters’ cervical cancer”. The external action cue of HPV vaccine was mainly from television and print media, and the internal action cue was if they had heard of the HPV vaccine. 2. Participants who answered these items, “The knowledge of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine”, “Perceived susceptibility of daughters’ cervical cancer”, “The actional cues of HPV vaccine”, “The intention of HPV vaccine” were influenced by the family socioeconomic status. 3. “The knowledge of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine”, “Health Belief scale”, “The actional cues of HPV vaccine” were positive correlated with “The intention of HPV vaccine”, and “Perceived barriers of HPV vaccine” was negative correlated with “The intention of HPV vaccine”. 4. The following factors:”Gender”, “Age”, “Family socioeconomic status”, “The knowledge of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine”, “Health Belief scale”, “The actional cues of HPV vaccine” explained 36.9% of the total variability quantity parents’ intention. Among these items, ” Perceived effectiveness of HPV vaccine” had more precise prediction. This result of study expects will be able to offer education and health government while promoting HPV vaccine.