國小實施健康與體育學習領域課程統整實施之研究—以屏東縣三所小學為例—

Abstract

本研究主要在探討國小實施健康與體育學習領域課程統整之發展實境 ；藉由文獻的與文件資料分析，以及結構性訪談等研究方法，獲致以下結論。 一、健康與體育領域課程統整模式發展策略 （一）學校健康與體育領域課程統整模式發展策略 三所學校在發展學校本位課程的的統整課程前，皆依本位課程發展的程序規準，分別設置和成立學校課程委員會與課程領域小組，並經由學校行政人員的積極運作，以形成學校相關教師人員的共識，進而著手發展與設計該校之統整課程。 （二）領域教師健康與體育領域課程統整模式發展策略 領域教師在課程統整模式發展的途徑與策略，從課程統整設計的程序發現，在步驟上，根據各領域課本的教材、尋找主題、設計統整活動或學習單等程序設計之。 二、健康與體育領域課程統整的教學設計 （一）健康與體育領域課程統整形式 三位教師分別採主題式的統整方式設計統整課程，.和聯結各科的橫向統整方式設計統整課程。採主題式的統整方式，主要著眼於主題式統整可使學生有較清楚的概念，且比較容易掌握學習主題，且可使學生對學習內容有系統且明確的概念而聯結各科的橫向統整方式，主要著眼於此種統整方式可使學習內容作廣範圍、大核心，且適中的整合。 （二）健康與體育領域的課程統整模式 三位教師所設計的主題式統整和聯結各科的橫向統整，從課程統整模式而言，分別為平行學科統整模式和單一學科統整模式；平行學科統整模式即Cone,Werner,Cone and Woods.等人的共有式課程統整模式，單一學科統整模式即Cone,..Werner,. Cone and Woods.等人的連接式課程統整模式。 （三）健康與體育領域統整模式和學理的契合性 三位教師所設計的平行學科統整模式，從學理的和文獻的分析結果對應其契合性。 三、健康與體育領域課程統整模式發展之困境與難題 （一）學校在健康與體育領域的統整課程發展之困境與難題 在課程統整發展與設計的歷程中，三所小學從課程的發展、設計到實施，皆呈現某種程度的困頓與難題，其中以教師的意願低、家長的壓力、課程實施時間不足，以及課程內容設計不佳（A1）；教師形成負擔，徒具形式，對學生成就評量造成限制（A2）；課程實施時間不足，造成定期評量困擾（A3）。 （二）領域教師在健康與體育領域的統整課程發展之困境與難題 領域教師在健康與體育領域的統整課程設計上，所面對且要突破的問題和困境，安東老師提出課程實施時間、課程進度、家長觀念、統整內容範圍的侷限性、創新度不足等的問題，將影響健康與體育領域的統整課程設計作為。 四、健康與體育領域課程統整方式與模式 三所小學的安東、安南與安西三位老師的健康與體育領域統整課程設計，就課程統整的方式與模式言之，在課程統整方式方面，三位教師所採用之方式，安東與安西二位老師採主題式統整（PT1，.PT3），而安南老師 採聯結各科的橫向統整（PT2）；.在課程統整模式方面，安東與安南二位 老師是以平行學科統整（PC1，.PC2）做為課程統整的模式，而安西老師則以單一學科統整（PC3），做為課程統整的模式。The purpose of this research is to explore the implement of the Health and Physical Education realm integrated curriculum of primarily school. Research with literature analysis, and the construction interview. The main results of this research as followings: 1, Health and Physical Education realm integrated curriculum develop strategy (1)School’s Health and Physical Education realm integrated curriculum develop strategy First, to establish the school base curriculum committee and curriculum realm team. then through the positive operation of the school administrator, and become school common ground of the related teachers, set foot in develop and design the integrated curriculum. (2)Realm teacher’s Health and Physical Education realm integrated curriculum develop strategy Realm teacher according to each realm lesson origin of teaching material, look for topic, design integrated activity or task sheet. 2, Health and Physical Education realm integrated curriculum lesson design (1) Health and Physical Education realm integrated curriculum type Three teachers adopt the topics and the intersection to design their integrated curriculum. (2) Health and Physical Education realm integrated curriculum model Three teachers design of the integrated curriculum was used parallel disciplinary and single disciplinary model. (3) Health and Physical Education realm integrated curriculum model and the academic match. The parallel disciplinary and single disciplinary model was fit together the academic literature analyses. 3, The difficult situation and problem of the Health and Physical Education realm integrated curriculum develop. (1) The school’s difficult situation and problems was teachers will is low, parents pressure, not enough practice time, the course contents design not good, teacher become burden, just formalization. (2) The realm teacher’s difficult situation and problem was course practice time, course progress, parents’ idea, contents scope too narrow, creative not enough.. 4, Health and Physical Education realm integrated curriculum model At the integrated curriculum design aspect, two teachers were adopting topic type and another Teacher adopts the intersection type to design this integrated curriculum. Additionally at the integrated curriculum model aspect, two teachers were adopting parallel disciplinary model, another teacher was adopt single disciplinary model.