宜蘭縣大同鄉九寮溪集水區環境治理分析
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2015
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本研究欲探討宜蘭縣大同鄉的九寮溪集水區，其封溪護漁的行為因子及塑造環境治理的過程，以九寮溪集水區的自然環境與歷史作用為背景，探究在國家政策與資本介入的情形下，外來的政治力量與本身的自然環境，對於小尺度的地方行動者間所產生的互動關係，與對於環境生態所造成的結果，除此之外，探討權力關係將如何影響地方及中央對於九寮溪的治理，並藉由Ostrom的制度分析發展（IAD）架構，討論自主治理共享資源的制度分析，與九寮溪治理的永續發展評估。本研究的研究方法採用質性訪談與問卷調查方式，透過訪談瞭解以泰雅族為主的崙埤社區之居民特性、規範與傳統Gaga的約束力，並由傳統泰雅族與河流間的關係，延伸至九寮溪封溪護漁與治理制度的發展，從中理解崙埤社區居民集體行動的過程與轉變，並且由問卷調查分析在地居民對於九寮溪環境治理的滿意度與居民的環境識覺認知，對於九寮溪治理的行為意向之影響，藉此評估九寮溪環境治理的永續發展性。本研究結果發現九寮溪的治理可分為三個階段，(1)居民義務性集體行動期、(2)外部資源挹注集體行動期、(3)公部門主導的治理期，因此，本研究認為若要促進自主治理制度的永續，可以從三個面向著手，首先應在治理架構中釐清公部門與社區居民的主客關係，其次是透過文化認同與傳承，再現傳統泰雅族的人河空間，第三則是建立適當的收益分配與課責制度。
This study is going to investigate the reason and the environmental governance on stream conservation of Jiuliao River Watershed in Yilan County. This research will view from the environmental and historical background, and discuss the results of Jiuliao River of importing policies and capital under national scales. Furthermore, the research will also examine these political powers toward a micro scale: local actors, and discover the relationship between the environment and human beings and local ecology. This relationship of power will show how to effectively governing way of natural resources. Continuing, this research focuses on utilizing Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) to analysis the self-governing of public resources and assessment of Jiuliao River for sustainable development. We use quantitative and qualitative methods to interview local residents and build a model for Jiuliao River environmental governance. We realize that theattributes of Atayal tribe in Lunpi community through interviews to local residents, rule-in-use and also Gaga of traditional Atayal. To sum up, understanding principles of environmental conditions and community characters via IAD to figure out how to influence local actors and consider results of the governance. The study found that it can be divided into three stages from environmental governance of Jiuliao River, (1) the stage of residents that have obligation of collective action, (2) the stage of outside resource that can improve the collective action (3) the stage of the public sectors to lead governance. Therefore, to promote resident participation in collective action again, we can start from three aspects. First, we must clarify the relationship between subject and object of the public sector and the community in the governance structure. Second, represent Atayal space through cultural identity and heritage. Third, establish an appropriate system of income distribution and accountability.
This study is going to investigate the reason and the environmental governance on stream conservation of Jiuliao River Watershed in Yilan County. This research will view from the environmental and historical background, and discuss the results of Jiuliao River of importing policies and capital under national scales. Furthermore, the research will also examine these political powers toward a micro scale: local actors, and discover the relationship between the environment and human beings and local ecology. This relationship of power will show how to effectively governing way of natural resources. Continuing, this research focuses on utilizing Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) to analysis the self-governing of public resources and assessment of Jiuliao River for sustainable development. We use quantitative and qualitative methods to interview local residents and build a model for Jiuliao River environmental governance. We realize that theattributes of Atayal tribe in Lunpi community through interviews to local residents, rule-in-use and also Gaga of traditional Atayal. To sum up, understanding principles of environmental conditions and community characters via IAD to figure out how to influence local actors and consider results of the governance. The study found that it can be divided into three stages from environmental governance of Jiuliao River, (1) the stage of residents that have obligation of collective action, (2) the stage of outside resource that can improve the collective action (3) the stage of the public sectors to lead governance. Therefore, to promote resident participation in collective action again, we can start from three aspects. First, we must clarify the relationship between subject and object of the public sector and the community in the governance structure. Second, represent Atayal space through cultural identity and heritage. Third, establish an appropriate system of income distribution and accountability.
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Keywords
環境治理, 制度分析發展架構, 封溪護漁, Environmental Governance, Institutional Analysis and Development Framework, Stream Conservation