反動之聲：以幻想主題分析觀看白色正義社會聯盟之語藝視野
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2017
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本研究從語藝批評的觀點為研究取徑來探究「白色正義社會聯盟」做為一個318運動中的反制運動團體，其中論述的說服力何在，本研究以Bormann提出的符號輻合理論為基礎，由其中所發展出來的幻想主題批評方法做為主要實際分析工具，輔以深度訪談以及該團體的Facebook粉絲專頁公開貼文，進行質性研究的分析，探討該語藝社群中反覆出現的國家認同論述。本研究試圖去回答在「白色正義社會聯盟」的社會運動路線，國家認同在這當中扮演什麼樣的角色，其中透過什麼方式來進行反制運動的論述構框，國家象徵性的政治符號在這其中如何運作，又如何作用於自我的身分認同的建構，最後這個整體的構框，如何構築為成員間的語藝視野或世界觀，以形成區分我群與他者之間的界線。
經由數個幻想主題的登錄與歸類，並整合出兩個幻想類型與一個語藝視野。研究結果發現，其幻想類型為：一、「素人／中華民族」與「暴民／台獨分子」的對決；二、轉向中國模式的渴望。白色正義社會聯盟的運動論述以二元對立的邏輯論述，以國家認同的對立來劃分出敵我的圖像，並藉此產生說服與召喚作用，其二，其幻想類型同時也表露該社群對於中國模式嚮往。最後，本研究歸納出白色正義社會聯盟的語藝視野：從台灣到世界的華人：「我們都是中華民族」，白色正義社會聯盟以歷史詮釋提供該社群的共享記憶的基礎，在「內憂外患」的情境之中，以愛國主義的形式論述其國家認同，以原生論與建構論同軌並進的方式，重新召喚人們對於「中華民族」的認同。
In this study, we adopted the perspective of rhetorical criticism to investigate the basis on which the White Justice Social Alliance, a countermovement group against the Sunflower Student Movement, forms its persuasive discourse. We used Ernest Bormann’s symbolic convergence theory, from which the fantasy-themed criticism method that served as our main analytical tool was developed, as a frame of reference, and supplemented our qualitative research analysis with in-depth interviews and public posts from the group’s Facebook page. We also explored the recurring discussion of national identity in the rhetorical community. We examine the role of national identity in the social movement of the White Justice Social Alliance and the modality of the discourse framework of the countermovement; as well as the operation of nationally-symbolic political symbols and their effects on the establishment of self-identity. We also discussed how this overall framework is used to construct the rhetorical vision or world view of the group members to create a boundary which differentiates the group from others. The fantasy themes were logged and categorized into two types of fantasy themes and one rhetorical vision. The results of the study indicate that the fantasy-theme types are: 1. “ordinary person/Chinese nationalist” versus “rioter/pro-independent Taiwanese”; and 2. a desire to turn to the Chinese model. In the first type, the discourse of the White Justice Social Alliance movement is constructed using binary opposition, in which opposing national identities create an image divide of us versus the enemy as its logical mode of discourse, through which persuasion and summoning take effect. The second fantasy-theme type reveals a longing for the Chinese model by the community. Finally, this paper concludes that the White Justice Social Alliance’s rhetorical vision is a call “from all Chinese within Taiwan to all Chinese throughout the world” that “we are all Chinese nationals.” The group uses its interpretation of history as the foundation of the community’s shared memories, and when facing perceived threats, whether domestic or from abroad, utilizes patriotic forms of discourse to construct a sense of national identity. The theories of primordialism and constructionism are both adopted in a summons to people to identify with Chinese nationalism.
In this study, we adopted the perspective of rhetorical criticism to investigate the basis on which the White Justice Social Alliance, a countermovement group against the Sunflower Student Movement, forms its persuasive discourse. We used Ernest Bormann’s symbolic convergence theory, from which the fantasy-themed criticism method that served as our main analytical tool was developed, as a frame of reference, and supplemented our qualitative research analysis with in-depth interviews and public posts from the group’s Facebook page. We also explored the recurring discussion of national identity in the rhetorical community. We examine the role of national identity in the social movement of the White Justice Social Alliance and the modality of the discourse framework of the countermovement; as well as the operation of nationally-symbolic political symbols and their effects on the establishment of self-identity. We also discussed how this overall framework is used to construct the rhetorical vision or world view of the group members to create a boundary which differentiates the group from others. The fantasy themes were logged and categorized into two types of fantasy themes and one rhetorical vision. The results of the study indicate that the fantasy-theme types are: 1. “ordinary person/Chinese nationalist” versus “rioter/pro-independent Taiwanese”; and 2. a desire to turn to the Chinese model. In the first type, the discourse of the White Justice Social Alliance movement is constructed using binary opposition, in which opposing national identities create an image divide of us versus the enemy as its logical mode of discourse, through which persuasion and summoning take effect. The second fantasy-theme type reveals a longing for the Chinese model by the community. Finally, this paper concludes that the White Justice Social Alliance’s rhetorical vision is a call “from all Chinese within Taiwan to all Chinese throughout the world” that “we are all Chinese nationals.” The group uses its interpretation of history as the foundation of the community’s shared memories, and when facing perceived threats, whether domestic or from abroad, utilizes patriotic forms of discourse to construct a sense of national identity. The theories of primordialism and constructionism are both adopted in a summons to people to identify with Chinese nationalism.
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語藝批評, 幻想主題, 國家認同, 反制運動, 反反福貿, rhetorical criticism, fantasy theme, national identity, countermovement, counter trade-pact-opposition