國中學生生活壓力、睡眠品質與憂鬱程度相關之研究-以新北市某國中為例
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2018
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本研究旨在探討國中生生活壓力、睡眠品質與憂鬱程度之相關。以新北市某國中學生為母群體，採分層集束抽樣，抽取三個年段各四個班共292人，以結構式問卷進行調查，得有效問卷292份，有效回收率100%，本研究所得重要結果如下：
一、 自覺健康狀況以中等偏好居多，自認目前健康狀況差及非常差者不到兩成。研究對象的生活壓力中多數回應為「沒有困擾」及「很少困擾」，壓力感受較大的部分為學業壓力及個人壓力。逾四成學生睡眠品質不佳。憂鬱程度部分中重度症狀者佔約一成五。
二、 研究對象生活壓力會因「性別」、「自覺健康狀況」、「家庭社經地位」之不同而有顯著差異。研究對象中女生的生活壓力高於男生；自覺健康狀況愈好，生活壓力會愈低。
三、 研究對象睡眠品質會因「性別」、「年級」、「自覺健康狀況」之不同而有顯著差異。女生的睡眠品質比男生差；自覺健康狀況愈差，睡眠品質愈差；九年級學生的睡眠品質較八年級學生差。研究對象憂鬱程度會因「性別」、「自覺健康狀況」之不同而有顯著差異。研究對象中女生的憂鬱程度大於男生；自覺健康狀況愈差，憂鬱程度愈大。
四、 研究對象整體生活壓力與憂鬱程度呈顯著正相關，進一步分析學業壓力、人際壓力、家庭壓力、個人壓力均與憂鬱程度呈顯著正相關，表示整體生活壓力愈大、睡眠品質愈差、學業壓力愈大、人際壓力愈大、家庭壓力愈大、個人壓力愈大，其憂鬱程度愈高。研究對象睡眠品質與憂鬱程度之間呈顯著正相關，表示睡眠品質愈差，其憂鬱程度也愈高。
五、 研究對象之背景變項、生活壓力、睡眠品質可有效預測憂鬱程度，並可解釋總變異量之60.0%。當控制背景變項及睡眠品質時，生活壓力可有效預測憂鬱程度，並解釋總變異量之31.5%；當控制背景變項及生活壓力時，睡眠品質可有效預測憂鬱程度，並解釋總變異量之6.2%。在控制背景變項後，研究對象的生活壓力與睡眠品質可以有效預測其憂鬱程度，其中生活壓力中的「人際壓力」、「個人壓力」為主要預測變項。研究結果發現研究對象的人際壓力及個人壓力愈大者、睡眠品質愈差者，其憂鬱程度愈高。
本研究針對研究結果提出諸多建議，期能降低國中生之人際與個人壓力，並提升睡眠品質，以降低他們的憂鬱程度，增進其身心理健康。
The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationships of life stress, sleep quality and depression among the junior high school students in New Taipei City, Taiwan. By using a cross-sectional survey, three classes from each grader were selected as the sample and there were 292 samples in the study. Using a self-designed, 100% of all questionnaires were validated. The major findings are as follows: 1. Participants' perceived health status was above average, less than 20% participants feel their perceived health status bad and pretty bad. Most of the participants’ life stress responses were “no distress” and “seldom distress”. And the major stress perception came from academic pressure and self pressure. About 40% of the participants had poor sleep quality. About 15% of them had high degree of depression. 2. The life stress was associated with “gender”, “conscientious health status” and “socioeconomic status”. The variables of the girl students show higher life stress than boy students. Who had better conscientious health status had lower life stress. 3. The sleep quality was associated with “gender”, “grade” and “conscientious health status”. Girl students, 9th graders, and who had worse conscientious health status had worse sleep quality. The depression was associated with "gender" and “conscientious health status”. Girl students and who had worse conscientious health status had high depression. 4.There was positive significant correlation among life stress and depression, and so were academic pressure, interpersonal pressure, family life pressure and self pressure. The more academic pressure, interpersonal pressure, family life pressure and self pressure tend to high depression. There was positive significant correlation among sleep quality and depression. The worse sleep quality, the higher depression. 5. The study of social demographic variables, life stress and sleep quality could predict the degree of depression and explain 60.0% of total variance. When social demographic variables and sleep quality were controlled, life stress could predict the degree of depression and explain 31.5% of total variance. When social demographic variables and life stress were controlled, sleep quality could predict the degree of depression and explain 6.2% of total variance. When social demographic variables were controlled, life stress and sleep quality could significant predict the degree of depression. "Interpersonal pressure", "self pressure", and "sleep quality" were the main predictors. The more interpersonal pressure and self pressure, and the worse sleep quality, the higher depression. The results of the study, could be used to decrease the participants’ interpersonal pressure and self pressure and to improve the sleep quality and decrease depression. In advance, to upgrade the participants’ status of health.
The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationships of life stress, sleep quality and depression among the junior high school students in New Taipei City, Taiwan. By using a cross-sectional survey, three classes from each grader were selected as the sample and there were 292 samples in the study. Using a self-designed, 100% of all questionnaires were validated. The major findings are as follows: 1. Participants' perceived health status was above average, less than 20% participants feel their perceived health status bad and pretty bad. Most of the participants’ life stress responses were “no distress” and “seldom distress”. And the major stress perception came from academic pressure and self pressure. About 40% of the participants had poor sleep quality. About 15% of them had high degree of depression. 2. The life stress was associated with “gender”, “conscientious health status” and “socioeconomic status”. The variables of the girl students show higher life stress than boy students. Who had better conscientious health status had lower life stress. 3. The sleep quality was associated with “gender”, “grade” and “conscientious health status”. Girl students, 9th graders, and who had worse conscientious health status had worse sleep quality. The depression was associated with "gender" and “conscientious health status”. Girl students and who had worse conscientious health status had high depression. 4.There was positive significant correlation among life stress and depression, and so were academic pressure, interpersonal pressure, family life pressure and self pressure. The more academic pressure, interpersonal pressure, family life pressure and self pressure tend to high depression. There was positive significant correlation among sleep quality and depression. The worse sleep quality, the higher depression. 5. The study of social demographic variables, life stress and sleep quality could predict the degree of depression and explain 60.0% of total variance. When social demographic variables and sleep quality were controlled, life stress could predict the degree of depression and explain 31.5% of total variance. When social demographic variables and life stress were controlled, sleep quality could predict the degree of depression and explain 6.2% of total variance. When social demographic variables were controlled, life stress and sleep quality could significant predict the degree of depression. "Interpersonal pressure", "self pressure", and "sleep quality" were the main predictors. The more interpersonal pressure and self pressure, and the worse sleep quality, the higher depression. The results of the study, could be used to decrease the participants’ interpersonal pressure and self pressure and to improve the sleep quality and decrease depression. In advance, to upgrade the participants’ status of health.
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國中生, 青少年, 生活壓力, 睡眠品質, 憂鬱程度, junior high school students, teenager, life stress, sleep quality, depression