社區糖尿病防治現況調查及其相關因素探討—以石牌地區為例
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Date
2003-04-01
Authors
劉潔心
陳合如
楊智琳
林怡君
賴妙芬
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
臺北市 ： 教育部技術及職業教育司
Abstract
本研究為糖尿病防治二年期介入計畫之第一年社區評估及現況調查研究部分成果，主要目的是藉由社區需求評估診斷及現況調查分析後，擬定符合社區居民需求之糖尿病防治介入計畫，並於第二年執行介入計畫及評估社區層面介入成效。本文將呈現第一年研究之研究成果，為利用社區糖尿病防治需求評估問卷之調查，研擬符合社區民眾需求之相關介入策略。本研究以石牌地區九個里之18歲以上居民為研究對象，採系統分層隨機抽樣法，進行結構式問卷調查，共發出1140份問卷，回收656份有效問卷(回收 率57.5% )。
本研究在社區居民健康生活型態上有以下幾點重要發現：1.社區居民中，年齡層高者其自覺健康狀況為最差，但是年齡層高的飲食和運動行為反較年齡層低為佳； 2.社區居民在飲食行為方面最重要的預測變項是自我效能，運動行為方面的重要預測變項是自覺行動障礙，自覺健康狀況上的重要預測變項亦是自我效能；3.關於社區可運用的人力資源及物力資源方面，居民認為最常用的人力資源為家人，物力資源則為社區的醫院、社區診所、里辦公室、社區發展協會。因此未來社區糖尿病教育介入及設計教育媒體訊息時有以下建議：1.在設計與執行糖尿病教育活動上，應加強對18-39歲的居民的糖尿病防治教育，建議可透過國中、小學生影響其家長，藉由親子互動推動18-39歲社區居民從事糖尿病防治行為；2.在設計社區教育介入及設計教育媒體訊息時，應加強飲食行為的自我效能，並提供減少運動行為的自覺行動障礙之策略，以增強居民採行糖尿病防治行為；3.進行社區糖尿病介入活動時，可結合性區居民常用的資源如社區醫院、社區診所及里辦公室等，進行社區組織結盟，藉由社區資源整合，將更有效提升社區糖尿病防治活動的進行。
本研究期盼藉由此結果，一方面提供本研究第二年設計出適切之社區改變介入策略，同時亦提供相關社區健康促進研究者與衛生行政單位在未來擬定社區糖尿病防治策略之參考。
This study conducts a community assessment for developing community-based diabetes control and prevention programs. The results of the needs assessment in this study provide essential information on developing health education and media advocacy campaigns. The participants in this study were residents aged 18 years and older from Shi-Pai community in Taipei city. The subjects were sampled using systematic random sampling. The instruments in this study were semi-structured questionnaires. The following were obtained: (1) the younger group, aged 18 to 39 years, had a less healthy lifestyle than the other group. (2)Self-efficacy was the best predictor of dietary intake behavior, and self-perceived behavioral barriers are the best predictors of exercise behaviors. Additionally, self-efficacy in practicing a healthy lifestyle can accurately predict health status self-perceptions. Therefore, this study suggests that empowering self-efficacy in dietary intake behaviors and reducing self-perceived barriers in exercise behaviors is essential to designing educational interventions and materials. (3) Regarding community assets, common human resources such as family members; community hospitals, medical clinics, village offices, and community development associations are major community administrative institutions. The survey results provide directions for future research and policymaking on diabetes prevention.
This study conducts a community assessment for developing community-based diabetes control and prevention programs. The results of the needs assessment in this study provide essential information on developing health education and media advocacy campaigns. The participants in this study were residents aged 18 years and older from Shi-Pai community in Taipei city. The subjects were sampled using systematic random sampling. The instruments in this study were semi-structured questionnaires. The following were obtained: (1) the younger group, aged 18 to 39 years, had a less healthy lifestyle than the other group. (2)Self-efficacy was the best predictor of dietary intake behavior, and self-perceived behavioral barriers are the best predictors of exercise behaviors. Additionally, self-efficacy in practicing a healthy lifestyle can accurately predict health status self-perceptions. Therefore, this study suggests that empowering self-efficacy in dietary intake behaviors and reducing self-perceived barriers in exercise behaviors is essential to designing educational interventions and materials. (3) Regarding community assets, common human resources such as family members; community hospitals, medical clinics, village offices, and community development associations are major community administrative institutions. The survey results provide directions for future research and policymaking on diabetes prevention.