台灣地區美術館中家庭觀眾導覽資源之研究
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2006
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Abstract
為探討美術館中家庭觀眾導覽資源內涵，並檢視台灣美術館中家庭觀眾的導覽資源，本研究以文建會公佈名稱為「美術館」之藝文單位為研究對象，依美術館所提供之資源物件為依據，篩選出13所台灣美術館進行研究。採用內容分析法與訪談法，分析美術館中針對家庭觀眾所設計的「書面文字形式」的導覽資源內涵，並輔以資源規劃者的訪談，進一步瞭解導覽資源的內容與規劃。本研究之研究工具為美術館家庭觀眾導覽資源分析表與美術館導覽資源規劃者訪談大綱。分析類目包含參觀導引、學習導引、圖文編寫、與印刷品設計，訪談大綱則針對規劃背景、規劃理念、規劃過程等三方面進行探討。
本研究結果發現，美術館家庭觀眾導覽資源應依其參觀動機、需求，透過資源規劃使家庭觀眾的參觀經驗獲得滿足。家庭觀眾的學習並不因為展覽形式與內容而受限，只要透過適當巧妙的規劃，皆可提供適合的家庭觀眾導覽資源。台灣美術館導覽資源較重視展覽活動資訊與展覽知識的提供，缺乏日常需求服務標示與互動學習的規劃，精緻的印刷品設計已是基本條件，但圖文編寫的深度與廣度仍顯不足。台灣美術館家庭觀眾的導覽資源類型可依據學習目的、學習對象、文字敘述、活動設計、印刷品樣式等方面進行分類。其負責規劃單位為教育推廣部門，規劃目的從傳統知識傳授演變成促進參觀經驗，配合的展覽以大型展覽、常態展、館藏為主，規劃過程遭遇有橫向與縱向的困難，而導覽資源的使用成效因美術館教育特質，仍無法獲得明確評量。
This study aims to study and examine the family guide of art museums in Taiwan. The 13 research subjects were selected from the guide resources provided by Council of Cultural Affairs. In order to understand the contents and the programming of the family guide, the researcher used content analysis method to analyze the family guide. Interviews with the designers were also conducted. The research tools were the “art museum family guide analytic sheet” and “art museum family guide designer interview schedule”. The analytical categories included “visiting guide”, “learning guide”, “pictures and text”, and “printing design”. The interview protocol was constructed by three aspects, which were “designer’s background”, the “ideas of program” and the “program process”. The results showed that in order to create the perfect experience, the family guide should be designed according to the visiting motivation and needs of family audience. The learning of family audience would not be limited to the exhibition. By using appropriate programming skills, art museums could provide the suitable family guide. Taiwan art museum guide resource focused on the exhibiting information and knowledge. However, it lacked for the labels of prosaic needs and interaction. A good printing design is the basic requirement, but the pictures and text still needs to be expanded. The categories of Taiwan art museum family guide can be assorted by the “learning purpose”, “the learner”, “writing”, “activity design”, and the “printing type”. The department of education of art museum carries on the responsibility for programming. The programming purpose began with knowledge induction and turned into the visiting experience. The family guide usually cooperates with the large exhibition, the normal exhibition, and the museum collection. There are many difficulties in programming process, and still it remains to be evaluated.
This study aims to study and examine the family guide of art museums in Taiwan. The 13 research subjects were selected from the guide resources provided by Council of Cultural Affairs. In order to understand the contents and the programming of the family guide, the researcher used content analysis method to analyze the family guide. Interviews with the designers were also conducted. The research tools were the “art museum family guide analytic sheet” and “art museum family guide designer interview schedule”. The analytical categories included “visiting guide”, “learning guide”, “pictures and text”, and “printing design”. The interview protocol was constructed by three aspects, which were “designer’s background”, the “ideas of program” and the “program process”. The results showed that in order to create the perfect experience, the family guide should be designed according to the visiting motivation and needs of family audience. The learning of family audience would not be limited to the exhibition. By using appropriate programming skills, art museums could provide the suitable family guide. Taiwan art museum guide resource focused on the exhibiting information and knowledge. However, it lacked for the labels of prosaic needs and interaction. A good printing design is the basic requirement, but the pictures and text still needs to be expanded. The categories of Taiwan art museum family guide can be assorted by the “learning purpose”, “the learner”, “writing”, “activity design”, and the “printing type”. The department of education of art museum carries on the responsibility for programming. The programming purpose began with knowledge induction and turned into the visiting experience. The family guide usually cooperates with the large exhibition, the normal exhibition, and the museum collection. There are many difficulties in programming process, and still it remains to be evaluated.
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美術館教育, 家庭觀眾, 導覽資源, 家庭觀眾導覽資源, art museum education, family audience, guide resource, family guide resource