文學院
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/handle/20.500.12235/2
院成立於民國44年,歷經50餘年的銳意發展,目前設有國文、英文、歷史、地理、臺文等5個學系、翻譯和臺灣史2個獨立所,以及全球華人寫作中心和國際臺灣學研究中心。除臺史所僅設碩士班,其餘6個系所均設有碩、博士班;目前專兼任教師近250人,學生約2500餘人。
本院早期以培養優秀中學國文、英文、歷史和地理教師為鵠的,臺灣中學語文和史地教育的實踐與成功,本院提供不可磨滅的貢獻。近年來,本院隨師範體系轉型而調整發展方向,除維持中學師資培育的優勢外,也積極朝理論研究和實務操作等面向前進。目前,本院各系所師培生的教師檢定通過率平均在95%以上;非師培生在文化、傳播、文學、應用史學及環境災害、地理資訊系統等領域發展,也已卓然有成。
本院各系所教師的研究能量極為豐富,參與國內外學術活動相當活躍。根據論文數量、引用次數等指標所作的學術力評比,本院居人文領域全國第2名。各系所之間,無論是教師的教學與研究,或學生的生活與學習,都能相輔相成、榮辱與共,彼此渾然一體,足堪「為師、為範」而無愧。
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Item 《孫子兵法》英譯本翻譯策略之比較及軍事參考價值之初探(2024) 梁家瑋; Liang, Chia-Wei國軍與美軍之間的交流因全球局勢的變化而日趨頻繁。儘管國軍長官慣於引用《孫子兵法》作為戰略思想基礎,然而國軍卻尚未重視到《孫子兵法》英譯文之價值,導致傳譯人員時常以品質參差不齊的譯文進行翻譯,不僅無法準確地傳達國軍觀點,也可能扭曲長官原意,影響與美方的溝通效益。據此,本研究旨在透由紐馬克的文本類型與溝通翻譯理論、弗米爾的目的論,以及諾德的功能加忠誠原則,比較與分析格里菲斯所著之《孫子兵法》英譯本、哈里斯之《孫子兵法》英譯本,以及羅順德/鄭麐所撰之《孫子兵法》英譯本,俾利探究何者之譯文最具備國軍於軍事交流中的使用價值。為達到此宗旨,本研究不僅透過13位國軍上校長官,以問卷方式協助彙整出「國軍長官最常引用之《孫子兵法》詞句」,以聚焦本研究目的,更運用紐馬克之翻譯手法,分別針對翻譯策略、詮釋顯著差異之譯文,以及文化詞彙進行研析,以評估各譯者間譯文的差異對軍事價值之影響。本研究發現,就翻譯策略而言,格氏與哈氏之翻譯風格傾向直譯,而羅/鄭氏則傾向意譯;然依譯文的詮釋而論,格氏係三譯者中與國軍思想脈絡最相近者;而若以文化詞彙角度而視,羅/鄭氏的功能性對等譯法,則最能達到溝通效果,係最適合國軍於軍事交流中使用之翻譯手法。Item The Hugos and the Translation of Shakespeare into French, Texts and Cultural and Historical Contexts(英語學系, 2021-09-??) Jonathan Locke HartShakespeare did not go easily into French. Voltaire was ambivalent about him as he helped to introduce him into France, especially when he was in exile in England, but he also had reservations about Shakespeare not being neo-classical or, to put it another way, "barbaric." This neo-classical ambivalence also occurred among the English during the Restoration, after 1660, when Charles II returned from France to England and was restored to the throne. John Dryden and Alexander Pope, for instance, were ambivalent about Shakespeare. With Romanticism, Shakespeare became more popular in France, and Victor Hugo and his son, François-Victor Hugo, were instrumental in establishing Shakespeare in France, with the father, the great writer, lending a preface to his son's work and the son undertaking the work of translating Shakespeare systematically in 18 volumes. This article will focus most on the father's preface in the first volume and on the son's translations of the Sonnets in volume 15. The reason for this choice and method is that the pioneering work in the first phases of literary translation needs close examination, what I call the establishment of translation or reputation.Item Issues of Transcultural Mobility in Three Recent French Balcony Scenes(英語學系, 2021-09-??) Stephanie MercierRomeo and Juliet's translation and staging by Olivier Py (2011), Pascal and Antoine Collin and David Bobee (2012), and Éric Ruf, who staged FrançoisVictor Hugo's 1868 version of the play (2016-17), provide a stimulating illustration of recent French translations/adaptations of the Balcony Scene in particular. I examine instances of verbal and non-verbal translation of the canonical texts through such elements such as props, costume, gesture, posture, and the body. They all bring to mind Stephen Greenblatt's concept of "cultural mobility"—first formulated as "cultural transfer" by historians Michel Espagne and Michael Werner in the late 1980s to account for interaction and relations between France and Germany. The scenes particularly seemed to defy previous notions of foreignization or domestication, where the source culture is seen as the "self" and the target culture as the "other," and where the process of domestication tends to erase all "foreignness" from the former. Here, I explorehow just three instances of one of the most iconic scenes in Shakespeare is emblematic of a more general cultural mobility in French theatre, thanks to the choice (or choice not) to incorporate French contextual elements in Gallic productions of Shakespeare. I discuss, through the lens of cultural transfer, how the translations repeat or redefine canonical material, and how they show FrancoBritish stages in contact with one another within the context of contemporary French theatre.Item On Modernizing the Language of Romeo and Juliet for Finnish Teenagers(英語學系, 2021-09-??) Nely KeinänenThis article examines a recent production of Julia and Romeo at the Finnish National Theater (2018) as an example of innovative linguistic adaptation, accomplished through the use of style variations and a touch of rewriting. While most of the FNT Finnish text is based on Marja-Leena Mikkola's poetic translation (WSOY 2006), the dramaturg Anna Viitala, working closely with the director and actors, added a layer of colloquial, teenage language. Features include tiny insertions, such as vou [wow]," okei [OK], and phrases teens use with each other or to annoy their parents. Sometimes a single poetic line is replaced with a shorter and more colloquial speech, framed by much more poetic text. In a larger piece of rewriting, Romeo and Juliet's shared sonnet is turned into a hilarious poem Romeo is writing on love, drawn in part from Troilus and Cressida. For the most part, these juxtapositions of colloquial language added a comic touch, inviting teenage audience members to relate to the characters. But they were also effectively used to heighten tragedy, as for example in the simple repetition of a Finnish word for hello and goodbye, hei, which Romeo and Juliet awkwardly said to each other when they first met, and which was repeated three more times later in the play at key moments. The analysis points to the significant role stylistic variation can have in theatrical translation and adaptation, and suggests translators think beyond a simple continuum between archaizing and modernizing as strategies for translating historical texts.Item Untitled(英語學系, 2019-09-??) Angie ChauThis paper arises from a series of class discussions inspired by Shen Congwen’s (沈從文, 1902-88) short story about child marriage, “Xiaoxiao” (蕭蕭, 1929), which is set in the spring of 2018 during an unending series of breaking news stories related to sexual assault and sexual harassment in the workplace. Beginning from the close reading of one seemingly innocuous line in the English translation—“Finally, one day, she let Motley sing his way into her heart, and he made a woman of her”—the paper seeks to address the following questions: How can translational practices inform and revise conventional ways of reading canonical fictional texts, especially in relationship to current conversations about sexual harassment, rape, and the #MeToo movement? What is the pedagogical responsibility of educators teaching literature to address instances of sexual violence, especially in cultural and historical contexts that seem remote from our own? And finally, what is at stake in this rereading of modern Chinese literary classics? Drawing from examples in two frequently studied and taught short stories published in China during the Republican period—Shen Congwen’s “Xiaoxiao” and Mao Dun’s (茅盾, 1896-1981) “Chun can” (春蠶 “Spring Silkworms,” 1932)—I argue that translation in the present moment offers readers a valuable opportunity to re-examine commonly overlooked scenes of sexual ambiguity and abuse, especially in the field of East Asian literature, where many students arrive with a wide range of preconceptions and stereotypes about gender relations.Item 譯者的操縱:從Cuore到《馨兒就學記》(2010) 陳宏淑; Hung-Shu Chen本研究旨在探討譯者的操縱,關注的焦點在於譯者對文類、敘述模式、角色、情節的操縱。以《馨兒就學記》為例,此書為義大利作家亞米契斯(Edmondo de Amicis)於一八八六年完成的日記體小說,後來在一八八七年由哈普古德(Isabel F. Hapgood)翻譯成第一個英文譯本,之後日譯者杉谷代水根據此英文譯本,於一九○二年翻譯成日文的《學童日誌》,而中譯者包天笑再根據此日譯本翻譯成第一個中譯本《馨兒就學記》。這段從義大利到中國的漫長旅程是一個複雜的轉譯過程,每個版本之間的差異凸顯出譯者扮演的重要角色。 本研究比較義大利文、英文、日文、中文四種語言版本,觀察譯者如何操縱文本。他們的操縱顯示出翻譯其實是一種帶有意識形態的改寫。透過本研究提出的譯例,可以清楚看見譯者受到當時社會在詩學規範或道德規範方面的影響。在包天笑的譯本中,他將書中的故事改寫並在地化,類似這樣的翻譯策略在晚清頗為普遍,但透過本研究的比較與分析,可以證明包天笑的操縱也受到日譯本很大的影響,而不全然是他自己的創意發揮。在許多刪節改寫的部分,其實是日譯者杉谷代水操縱在先,包天笑只是蕭規曹隨。不過這兩位譯者的操縱都反映出他們在創新與守舊、西方與東方、異化與歸化之間矛盾掙扎,兩股力量的拉扯與當時的歷史社會脈絡息息相關。由此案例觀之,譯文並非原文的反映或再現,而是原文的來世,在異地產生了新的影響與效應。Item 從歐威爾《一九八四》中譯本看政治意識形態對文學翻譯的影響(2011) 李明哲以色列學者埃文.佐哈提出的多元系統論認為,在一個特定的文學系統內,若某一文學正「經歷某種危機或轉折點,或出現文學真空」時,翻譯文學將成為接近系統中心的主要活動,經過與譯入語其他並存系統(如政治、經濟、社會文化)產生連繫,從而採取特定的規範、行為和政策,並發揮預設之功能(例如為政治意識形態服務)。英國翻譯理論家赫曼斯率先將「操縱」觀念導入翻譯行為的研究,認為所有翻譯都是為了服務某種目的而操縱原文。原籍比利時的勒菲弗爾(André Lefevere)則進一步將翻譯研究納入改寫及折射(refraction)的範疇。他指出翻譯為文學作品所樹立的形象,主要受到譯者或贊助者的意識形態和主流詩學所宰制。這類被統治階層接受並視為合法的經典化文學(legitimate& canonized literary repertoire),往往與歷史上的重大事件或特殊的時空背景擁有密不可分的關係。 「反共文藝」是五○年代臺灣主流文學勢力極力吹捧的文化霸權。以孫中山三民主義思想為主軸的政治意識形態逐漸在臺灣文化多元系統中佔據統治地位。英國作家喬治.歐威爾完成於一九四八年的《一九八四》所捍衛及反對的價值觀雙雙相容於當時國民黨政府及美國政府的政治利益,因此臺灣的中譯本很快就於一九五○年問世。本文設定的主要目標,乃援引勒菲弗爾的翻譯改寫理論,探討《一九八四》的中譯本如何經由刪節、改寫、淡化、濃縮等手法,以符合臺灣五○年代主流政治意識形態設定的文藝政策。Item 詮釋夢想:三本圖畫書的圖畫翻譯研究(2011) 徐嘉妍當代社會大量使用影像溝通,產生各種結合文字與圖像的多模式文本,圖畫書即運用文字與圖畫,各自闡述故事概念,兩種詮釋結合後,又產生新的故事。圖畫與文字作者在創作前,首先要理解故事概念,再以圖畫或文字符號表達,產生的圖畫與文字文本即對概念的翻譯。另外,理解、解釋與翻譯此詮釋過程中,畫家與作者的知識、經驗、社會文化傳統,以及圖畫與文字表達意義的成規,都會幫助產生與限制意義。本文首先從詮釋學的角度討論詮釋、翻譯與圖畫翻譯的關係,試說明何以圖畫是對故事概念的翻譯,再針對以「夢想」為主題的《你好老包》、《培培點燈》、《歌舞爺爺》三本圖畫書,將重點放在書中的圖畫,以符號學方法分析畫家如何運用各種圖畫敘事元素,透過視覺、文化等符碼翻譯書中蘊含的故事概念,再與文字對故事概念的翻譯比較,探討圖畫與文字對夢想的各自詮釋結合後,產生何種更豐富的新故事,為理解夢想帶來新意;期望藉此討論,更清楚地認識翻譯、理解與詮釋的內涵,以及彼此的關係。Item 閩南語翻譯問題初探—以《刣死一隻鳥仔》為例(2010) 徐立妍; Li-yen Hsu閩南語語文字化雖然進行多年,但一直沒有統一解決的方式,目前的主流是漢羅合用,也就是已考究出本字的詞彙就用漢字,本字尚未確定的就用羅馬拼音。漢羅合用或許適合閩南語的一般書寫,但若要普及推廣到普羅大眾,未學過閩南語讀寫的讀者恐怕無法讀懂。因此筆者認為文學小說應該用全漢字書寫比較恰當,讀者剛開始或許獨步習慣,但讀過一、兩個章節之後,就能抓到閩南語閱讀的要領,進而領略閩南語文字之美。 本論文以全漢字的閩南語書寫,翻譯美國作家哈波‧李(Harper Lee)的小說To Kill A Mockingbird(華譯書名為《梅岡城故事》),因為閩南語和英文之間的差異性頗大,所以採用紐馬克的溝通翻譯概念來進行翻譯,以譯文讀者的語用及閱讀習慣為主要考量,並分析閩南語翻譯時會遇到的問題,必要時和華語譯文做對照,比較兩種語言翻譯時有何差異,希望能為閩南語書寫及閩南語文學發展指引新方向,讓臺語成為更容易親近的語言媒介。Item 運動報導中譬喻的使用初探:以2009年洋基紅襪賽事的中英文報導為例(2010) 胡怡敏一般人可能會認為譬喻只是一種文學方面的修辭手段,與我們日常生活的語言使用也許沒有太大關聯;然而,雷可夫和詹森(Lakoff& Johnson,1980) 所出版的“Metaphors We Live By”《我們賴以生存的譬喻》(周世箴譯註,2006)顛覆了這種刻板印象,為認知語言學的研究奠定了新的里程碑。譬喻是我們概念系統不可或缺的一部份,除了文學創作,舉凡日常對話、新聞報導等,都可見證到我們的思維活動和生存認知是如何以譬喻為依歸。沒有了譬喻,我們的表達與思維就會左支右絀,滯礙難行。 新聞撰寫方面,譬喻也大量應用於政治、社會、財經、股市、藝文、體育報導中。就運動賽事的報導而言,台灣向來以棒球為國球,而自從王建民在2005年於美國大聯盟-國際棒球運動的聖殿-崛起後,他與之前所屬的洋基隊、以及洋基隊賽事,在台灣引起前所未有的風潮。棒球在美國有悠久歷史,而在這些英文報導中,常見到一些有趣的英文譬喻使用。另一方面,台灣的平面體育版也開始將洋基隊和大聯盟其他球隊的比賽列為報導的重頭戲。而筆者也注意到,由於大聯盟對美國文化和社會的影響層面既深又廣,其英文報導裡的譬喻有許多面向值得台灣譯者或是新聞編譯從業人員觀察、理解、消化,並融入中文報導裡。本論文以洋基紅襪隊在2009年例行賽事的中英文報導為語料,從而探究報導內中英文譬喻的使用現象,除了提供一般讀者一個看待譬喻的新視角外,盼也能透過本研究讓語言研究者、翻譯界、以及體育編譯或報導者有所借鏡。