地理研究
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Item 臺灣北部番子澳漁撈活動的時空間配置(地理學系, 1987-03-??) 陳憲明Based on the viewpoint of man-environmental relationship, this study attempt to use the time-space approach to design an analytical framework for dealing with the fishing activities at Fan-tsu-au, a coastal village in the northern Taiwan. Data were collected by direct observation of fishing activities on the sea, as well as by interviewing the fishermen. In the 1950s, the fishermen at Fan-tsu-au were engaged mainly in torch light net fishery. They organized three non-powered fishing crafts as a team and used weak fishing lamps to catch round herring, squids and other phototaxis fishes that migrate on the surface-water. The fishing season for torch light net fishery is from May to the beginning of October in each lunar year. In this period, because of moonlight which interferes fishing efficiency, the fishing activities formed a monthly cycle in compliance with the moon's transit, duration and intensity of moonlight. But, such fishery is restrided by such factors as the physical capacity of non-powered fishing crafts, illumination capacity of fishing lamps, prey-food habits of fish schools and sleeping requirements of fishermen. Therefore, the fishing activities are restricted to a space of three nautical miles from the shore and 2-3 hours after dark and before dawn. In 1950 to 1960, with the advance of fishing technology, and the powered fishing boats were popularly adopted, the fishermen at Fan-tsu-au has replaced traditional torch light net fishery with modernized stick-held dip net fishery, long-line fishery and spear fishing. Though the stick-held dip net fishery and torch light net fishery use the lamps to allure the fish schools on the surface-water, because of powered fishing boats, and increased illumination capacity of fishing lamps, the time-space scope for stick-held dip net fishery is expanded. At the moment, the fishing season for catching squids, from February end to the beginning of October in each lunar calendar, the fishermen woulItem 臺灣北部高冷地區農業土地利用的研究(地理學系, 1986-03-??) 陳憲明Item 臺灣青果運銷的區域結構(地理學系, 1985-03-??) 陳憲明Item 臺灣東部漁撈活動的時間地理學研究(地理學系, 1989-03-??) 陳憲明Recent time-geographic studies have focused upon an examination of the conceptual framework of Hagerstrand’s original model, while there has been little applied research except for its introduction to the techniques of urban planning. However, there remain some other fields where it can be applied, since time-geography is fundamentally designed as a common language for the expression of interactions not only between individuals and man-made objects but also between individuals and natural environmental elements. The present article aims to apply certain time-geography notions to observed human behavior under certain natural conditions, and thus to obtain a rational interpretation of individual behavior choices from a time-geographic point of view. As a case study, this article describes some fishermen's daily behavior in Hsingkang (新港), a fishing port in eastern Taiwan. Spatial-temporal paths of spear fishermen aiming to catch giant black marlin (Makaira malina) are described in Fig. 2-4. The paths of long-line fishermen aiming to catch dolphinfin (Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus) are described in Fig. 7-8, and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in Fig. 9-11. From a time-geographic view, these paths are interpreted as follows: Individual behavior is limited by a fisherman's physiology and by the physical capability of his tools. These two factors form a “prism”, which may be transformed by day-to-day weather conditions. Within this “prism” a fisherman's behavior, which aims at coupling with fish in space-time, is influenced by certain natural environmental conditions. There is a spatial condition characterized by the distribution of fishing spots, which is determined by submarine topography. The temporal conditions consist of seasonal and daily fluctuations of prey-food.Item 臺灣東部漁港的機能與區位(地理學系, 1990-03-??) 陳憲明Fishing ports and landing bases function as the points of transference of catches to markets and to land distribution systems. They are the functional nodes of the fishing grounds and fishing market areas. This paper aims to assess, according to the spatial function viewpoint, the function and location of seven fishing ports and 48 undeveloped landing places (i.e. lacking wharf infrastructure) on the Eastern Taiwan coast. On the whole, the location of fishing ports is principally determined by the following conditions: (1) the degree of agglomeration of fishing functional facilities; (2) the size of fishing grounds utilized by a port and the richness of its fishery resources; (3) the economic distance between a fishing port and its markets. Fishing ports in Eastern Taiwan are small scale, their fishing fleets are of small tonnage, their fishing grounds are of limited scope, and their distribution and marketing are affected by topographical obstacles to transportation to the large consumer markets of Western Taiwan. In Eastern Taiwan, only the ports of Hsinkang, Hualien and Taitung possess landing, freezing, storing, packing, delivery and marketing functions. Due to the strong spatial convergence of these three fishing ports, they form three fishing marketing areas. The port with the strongest centrality, Hsinkang, possesses a regional wholesale market function. Huaiien and Taitung only possess a local wholesale market function. Green Island is a fishery base for the offshore islands of Eastern Taiwan. The Kuroshio current passes by this island and it has rich fishery resources. However, this offshore island is isolated from Taiwan proper, and yet must rely on the Taiwan market. These factors limit the development of its fishing industry. Apart from a small minority of fishing ports, the majority of fishing villages of Eastern Taiwan are lacking in fundamental infrastructure. They are without wharves and their fishermen just use plastic fi