林聖欽Lin, Sheng-Chin莊立宏Chuang, Li-Hung2019-08-292014-7-272019-08-292014http://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&s=id=%22GN060023018L%22.&%22.id.&http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/handle/20.500.12235/94248本研究主要在探討清末、日治與戰後三個時間斷面，彰化地區區域發展的空間差異。首先，以清末日初的農地生產力與水田率為指標，瞭解清末彰化地區各街庄的農業發展的空間差異；日治時期，則是利用人類發展指數（HDI）轉換而成的地方發展指數公式，藉由嬰兒死亡率、就學率與農工產值的資料統計，瞭解昭和9年（1934）彰化地區區域發展的空間差異；戰後，同樣利用地方發展指數，藉由嬰兒死亡率、粗在學率、成人識字率與人均GDP等資料統計，分別探討民國50年（1961）、60年（1971）、70年（1981）、80年（1991）、90年（2001）五個時間點，彰化地區區域發展的空間差異，並且歸納出戰後彰化地區區域發展變遷過程的四個類型：穩定發展型、成長型、成長相對落後型與波動型。最後分別以彰化市、田中鎮、大城鄉與和美鎮為例進行個案研究，以產業發展的角度切入，再探討與當地交通、人口、都市發展的關係，而後更進一步探究其文化與社會面的發展，以符合人類發展指數（HDI）綜合性指標的概念。 透過量化分析與質性描述，本研究所得結果如下：（一）利用單位土地收穫金、水田率與地區發展指數等指標進行分析，清末與日治時期彰化地區區域發展的空間差異大致相同，高度發展區集中於彰化地區的東側，而低度發展區多分布於西、南部地區；（二）透過地方發展指數的分析，戰後彰化地區域發展的空間差異，高度發展區集中於北彰化地區，低度發展區則集中於南彰化地區，而且以時間為軸，歸納出彰化地區內部各鄉鎮市可分為穩定發展型、成長型、成長相對落後型與波動型等四種發展變遷類型；（三）藉由迴歸與個案分析，得知戰後彰化地區內部區域發展，主要是受到經濟因素－人均GDP的影響，導致內部區域發展呈現空間差異；換句話說，產業活動的興盛與否成為造成內部區域發展差異的主要因素。此外，交通易達性的高低與工業區設立與否皆會影響一地產業發展。因此，各地發展程度深受多項因素交互作用的影響。This research mainly discusses the spatial difference of regional development in Changhua area from the time perspective of the late Qing Dynasty, Japanese-ruled period, and the post-war period. First of all, the study uses the agricultural productivity and paddy field rate in the late Qing Dynasty and Japan-ruled period as an index of realizing the spatial difference of agricultural development of the townships in Changhua area in the late Qing Dynasty period. As to Japan-ruled period, it uses Regional Development Index, transformed from Human Development Index (HDI), to realize the regional development in Changhua area in the year of 1934, by means of the data statistics of newborn mortality, the enrollment rate and the production value of agriculture and industry. Third, in the post-war area, it also uses Regional Development Index, with the data statistics of newborn mortality, the rough enrollment ratio, adult literacy rate, GDP and so on, to discuss the spatial diversity of regional development in Changhua area in respective five time points, the year of 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, and 2001, and induces four types of transitional process of regional development in Changhua area in the post-war period: steady progression, progression, relatively falling-behind in progression, and fluctuation. Finally, the study conducts case studies in Changhua City, Tianzhong Town, Dacheng Township, and Hemei Town respectively in the perspective of industry development, discusses its relation to local transportation, population, and urban development, and further discusses its cultural and social development, in order to correspond to the concept of integrated index of Human Development Index (HDI) Through Quantitative Analysis and Qualitative Description, this research reached the follow conclusions. First, with the index of unit land royalty, paddy field rate, Regional Development Index and so on, the spatial diversity of regional development in Changhua area in the late Qing Dynasty and Japanese-ruled period is scarce. Highly-developed areas were mainly located in the eastern Changhua area while the low-developed areas were mostly in the western and the southern region. Second, by means of the analysis of Regional Development Index, there is spatial diversity of Changhua regional development in the post-war period, indicating that the highly-developed areas were mainly located in the northern Changhua while the low-developed areas were in the southern Changhua. Considering the difference of time axis, we conclude that the counties and towns in Changhua area can be divided into four types of developing transition, including steady progression, progression, relatively falling-behind in progression, and fluctuation. Third, by means of regression and case analysis, we realize that the internal regional development of Changhua area in the post-war period is mainly influenced by the economic factor—GDP, which results in the spatial diversity in the internal regional development. In other words, the rise or decline of industry activities is the major factor contributing to the developmental diversity in the internal region. Moreover, the convenience degree of transportation and the establishment of industrial zone both influence the industrial development of a region. Therefore, the development degree of a region is influenced by multiple interacting factors.彰化農地生產力人類發展指數地方發展指數區域差異Changhuafarmland productivityHuman Development Indexregional Development Indexregional diversity