王馨敏Wang, Shinmin周姗姗Chou, Shan-Shan2025-12-092025-08-082025https://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/thesis/detail/884e1925040d1c1e944e87dce9815dde/http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/handle/20.500.12235/124343從嬰兒誕生開始，其神經系統便展現出極高的可塑性，此為腦部發展的重要時期，突顯早期親子互動在神經與認知發展歷程中的重要性。儘管現有研究已初步揭示早期正向父母行為與後期執行功能及大腦活化之潛在關聯，但相關的縱貫性實徵研究仍相當有限。有鑑於此，本研究旨在探討嬰兒6個月大時的正向父母行為，對其4至5歲時執行功能發展與前額葉皮質活化的影響。本研究追蹤36組嬰兒與其主要照顧者，於嬰兒6個月大時錄製自然互動並透過互動行為編碼系統評定正向父母行為；並於其4至5歲時請照顧者填寫繁體中文兒童執行功能量表，以評估幼兒執行功能（工作記憶、抑制控制和調適）能力。此外，亦同時施測卡片向度改變分類作業，並結合功能性近紅外光譜量測幼兒進行作業時前額葉皮質之活化情形。研究結果顯示，在行為層面，父母於嬰兒6個月大時展現的正向情感與熱情參與，顯著預測4至5歲時的執行功能表現。在大腦層面，父母於嬰兒6個月大時展現的情感適宜與4至5歲時左側額下回（IFG）及左背外側前額葉皮層（DLPFC）活化程度相關，聲音適宜與右側IFG相關，而親密觸摸則與左側IFG呈顯著正相關。研究結果提供神經與行為層面之縱貫性證據，支持早期正向父母行為對執行功能發展與前額葉皮質運作之重要性。From birth, the infant brain exhibits remarkable plasticity, marking an important critical period for neural development and highlighting the essential role of early parent-child interactions in shaping both neural and cognitive growth. However, empirical evidence linking early positive parental behaviors with later executive function (EF) development and prefrontal cortical activation remains limited. To address this gap, the present longitudinal study investigated whether positive parental behaviors at 6 months of age could predict children’s EF performance and prefrontal activation between ages 4 and 5.Thirty-six infant–caregiver dyads were followed longitudinally. At 6 months, dyads were video-recorded during naturalistic interactions and assessed using the Coding Interactive Behavior system to code positive parental behaviors. At 4 to 5 years of age, caregivers completed the Taiwanese Traditional Chinese version of the Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory to assess children’s working memory, inhibition, and regulation. Additionally, children completed the Dimensional Change Card Sort Task, during which functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure prefrontal cortical activation.At the behavioral level, parental positive affect and enthusiasm at 6 months were significantly associated with children’s executive function performance at age 4 to 5. At the neural level, an appropriate range of affect was associated with increased activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC); vocal appropriateness was linked to right IFG, and affectionate touch was positively correlated with activation in the left IFG. These findings offer longitudinal evidence at both behavioral and neural levels, underscoring the importance of early positive parental behaviors in shaping the development of executive function and prefrontal cortical functioning.正向父母行為執行功能卡片向度改變分類作業功能性近紅外光譜positive parental behaviorexecutive functionDimensional Change Card SortFunctional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy學術論文