李恆儒Lee, Heng-Ju吳曉莉Wu, Hsiao-Li2025-12-092025-06-302025https://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/thesis/detail/c64d795883bb692bbbdc60d4c870ad2c/http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/handle/20.500.12235/125690前言：舉球員是排球進攻節奏與成效的靈魂人物，在國際賽事中，舉球員對角攻擊手成為掌握進攻得分的重要關鍵。過去研究多著重於舉球員的所在區域與整體穩定性對於球隊進攻的影響，針對舉球過程中，身體動作變化對球體三維空間（角度、速度、高度）參數與進攻效率的相關研究仍顯不足。方法：本研究以2021年全國運動會女子組六強賽為樣本，錄製11場37局比賽影片，選取298顆背後舉球進行分析，透過三台數位攝影機與AI三維軌跡重建系統，量化球體的速度、角度與高度等指標，並由專家學者辨識舉球動作中的身體旋轉與否，搭配進攻效率的五分量表進行評估，數據以獨立樣本T檢定與卡方檢定進行統計分析。結果：舉球區域、舉球類型與身體動作皆對舉球質量與進攻效率有不同程度的影響。在普通球區的身體旋轉顯著提升了球體高度 (mean:4.18m, SD:0.25m) 與角度 (mean:0.50m, SD:0.43m) 一致性；而跳躍舉球球速雖較低，但整體進攻得分效率高於站立舉球 (45.5%＞30%)。進攻效率在身體動作有旋轉時，得分比例略低於無旋轉 (34.5%＜44%) ，被組織進攻的比例較高(23.3%＞10.4%)。結論：舉球員在普通球區採用身體旋轉有助於穩定球體飛行軌跡，但這不是影響進攻效率的主因。未來使用運動生物力學與運動學角度切入探討舉球員的身體動作，透過數據找尋影響舉球質量的關鍵因子。建議教練可根據不同舉球區域及球隊攻擊手的進攻需求，調整舉球員的動作訓練模式，增進舉球員身體旋轉與不旋轉的技巧熟練度，在實際訓練上兩種技巧交替運用，找到增進舉球質量穩定性的平衡點，以提升比賽表現與進攻得分效率。Introduction：The setter is the key figure in controlling the rhythm and effectiveness on volleyball offense. In international competitions, the interaction between the setter and the opposite hitter is key element for scoring. Although most of the studies have focused on the setter's position and overall consistency in effecting team offense, there is still lack of research regarding how body movements affect three-dimensional parameters of the ball (angle, velocity, height) during the setting process and offensive efficiency. Methods：This study used video record as the sample from 11 matches (37 sets) of the women's top six playoffs in the 2021 National Games. Selecting 298 back sets for analysis. Total of three digital cameras and an AI-based 3D trajectory reconstruction tool was used to quantify variables such as ball speed, angle, and height. Through experts identified whether body rotation occurred during the setting action, and offensive efficiency was evaluated using a five-point rating scale. Data were statistically analyzed using t-tests and chi-square tests. Results：Setting zone, setting type, and body movement had varying degrees of influence on setting quality and offensive efficiency. In the regular setting zone, body rotation significantly improved consistency in ball height (mean: 4.18m, SD: 0.25m) and angle (mean: 0.50m, SD: 0.43m). Although jump sets had slower ball speeds, they resulted in a higher offensive scoring efficiency than standing sets (45.5%> 30%). When body rotation was present, the scoring rate was slightly lower (34.5% < 44%), but the rate of the opposing team organizing a counterattack was higher (23.3% > 10.4%). Conclusion： Using body rotation in the regular setting zone helps stabilize the ball's flight path, but it is not the main factor that affecting offensive efficiency. Future research should approach the analysis of setter body movements from biomechanics and kinematics perspectives to identify key factors that influence set quality through data. It is recommended that coaches adjust training models for setters based on different setting zones and the need from the attacker. Enhancing proficiency in both rotating and non-rotating techniques, and alternating them in training can help find a balance point that improves the stability of set quality to enhancing match performance and scoring efficiency.舉球員對角攻擊手軀幹轉體球體三維軌跡opposite spikertrunk rotation3D trajectory of a sphere學術論文