蔡虔祿Tsai, Chien-Lu許修輔Hsu, Hsiu-Fu2023-12-082022-07-202023-12-082022https://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/thesis/detail/bcfe1708683da478e2b9d0351f36e804/http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/handle/20.500.12235/121398目的：本研究在探討合球選手不同距離原地投籃、向後墊步投籃狀況下，模擬有防守者的狀況之運動學現象與差異。方法：受試者為六位大專公開組合球選手(年齡20.80 ±1.49歲、身高176.27 ±4.2公分、體重67.00 ±10.5公斤、球齡8.83 ±2.5年)，距受試者1公尺處設置高度1.8公尺立牌模擬防守者，於距離合球柱框3公尺、5.5公尺及8公尺進行投籃。以PHANTOM VEO 710L-18GB-Mono高速攝影機(250Hz)拍攝受試者動作影像，另以一台SONY HDR-CX120/B(125Hz)數位攝影機拍攝受試者出手後合球的空中軌跡影像。續以Phantom CineViewer 3.4計算相關數據，統計處理以SPSS 23.0版軟體進行無母數弗里曼二因子等級變異數分析、魏克遜符號等級無母數統計、皮爾森積差相關分析及趨向分析，事後比較採等級平均數法，顯著水準設定為α= .05。結果顯示：（一）出手角度、球體最低瞬間高度、球體向前瞬間開始作動球體高度、球體最低瞬間踝關節角度、球體向前瞬間開始作動肩及膝關節角度、隨投籃距離的增加而變小。（二）投籃出手高度沒有顯著差異。（三）出手速度、出手瞬間球體離原點水平距離、踝關節蹠屈角度、肩關節伸展角速度、球體出手後最大飛行高度隨投籃距離增加而增加。(四) 優秀合球選手起跳動作在出手瞬間前或後未有特定樣態（五）優秀合球選手投籃動作動力鏈的上肢關節角速度為肩關節<肘關節<腕關節。建議：投籃出手點往前並增加出手時上肢肩、肘、腕與下肢膝、踝關節的角速度，是為優秀合球選手在不同距離投籃隨投籃距離增加之策略。The purposes of this study were to explore the phenomena and differences in Kinematics parameters among three different distances Korfball shootings and backward shootings under the defense. Six level one collegiate Korfball male right handed players served as the participants (age: 20.80±1.49 years; height: 176.27 ±4.2 cm; weight: 67.00 ±10.5 kg; years pro 8.83 ±2.5 years). A 1.8-meter-high plastic board simulated the opponent and was one meter away from the participant. The participants shot at three different distances (3 meters, 5.5 meters and 8 meters away from the korfball post) in counter balanced orders. A PHANTOM VEO 710L-18GB-Mono high-speed camera (250Hz) was used to record the movements of the participants. A SONY HDR-CX120/B (125Hz) digital camera was used to collect the aerial trajectory of the ball after release. The data were calculated by using Phantom CineViewer 3.4 software. All the Kinematics variables were tested by the Wilcoxon matched-paired signed-rank non-parametric statistical test to compare the differences between standing still shooting and the moving backward shooting, the trend analysis was used to test the underlying patterns of the kinematics variables while the shooting distance was increased, the Pearson product-moment correlation was used to test the correlations between every kinematics variables, the Friedman two-way analysis of variance nonparametric statistical method was used to test the kinematics differences among three shooting distances, and the post-hoc comparison were calculated by SPSS 23.0 software, the significant levels as α= .05. The results showed: 1. The ball release angles, the height of the ball at the lowest instant, the height at which the ball begins to move in an instant forward, the ankle angle of the ball at the lowest instantaneous, the shoulder angle at which the ball begins to move in an instant forward, the knee angle at which the ball begins to move in an instant forward were decreasing while the shooting distance was increasing. 2. There was no significant difference among shootings of release height. 3.The release velocities, the ball at a horizontal distance from the origin of the shot, the release horizontal distance in front of the shooting line, the ankle plantar flexion angle, the shoulder extension angular velocity, the peak height of the ball trajectory increased as the shooting distance increased. 4. The balanced feet were lowered as the shooting distance increased among backward shootings. 5. The upper limbs angular velocity of the three different shooting distances were all increased by the sequence of shoulder< elbow < wrist, it obeyed the kinetics rule. 6. The results showed the strategy of college elite Korfball players in three different distance shooting were increased the release horizontal distance, the upper limb angular velocities, the knee and the ankle angular velocities. 7. The kinematical strategy was different between standing and moving backward shooting.不同距離原地投籃向後墊步投籃防守different distancesshootbackward shootdefenceetd